MARGINS: Collaborative Research: 3-D Tomography of the Crust and Upper Mantle Beneath the Gulf Extensional Province and Baja California

智力影响。建议建立一个加州湾伸展区（GEP）和邻近的下加利福尼亚加州地区地壳和上地幔剪切速度结构的三维高分辨率模型。主要目标是图像残留的俯冲Farallon板块，寻找证据的岩石圈分层半岛山脉岩基下，估计岩石圈的厚度，地图上地幔的熔融生产区域，并扩展地壳厚度变化的模型，没有成像的地区地震折射或接收器功能的研究。总的来说，这些观测将有助于了解岩浆生成和下加利福尼亚与大陆其他地区断裂的过程。开发模型的战略是一个逐步迭代的过程，包括：（1）利用通过海湾周围台站阵列传播的海洋表面波，采用新的阵列处理技术和有限频率响应核，开发该区域的中等分辨率三维模型;（2）综合从地震折射实验、重力、面波频散的噪声相关测量和接收器功能分析推断的地壳结构信息，根据构造区、地质图和地形进行插值;（3）利用区域地震的地震图，通过比较采用运动方程计算完整弹性响应的全三维模型中产生的观测波形和合成波形，来改进该模型。该模型将被反复地改进，直到地震图被很好地匹配。拟议的研究涉及MARGINS大陆岩石圈断裂倡议的三个首要主题，具体做法是：（1）绘制岩石圈拉伸和扩张引起的地壳厚度变化图;（2）绘制岩石圈地幔部分的表观厚度图，包括与断裂起始过程密切相关的大洋岩石圈俯冲碎片;（3）地幔中剪切速度异常低的成像区域，对应于可能的岩浆生成区域。作为MARGINS科学计划的一部分，这项研究将有助于了解大陆裂谷和相关火山作用的机制。该项目将促进与在下加利福尼亚和海湾延伸省工作的地球科学家的合作。 PI将与MARGINS办公室合作，帮助向更广泛的公众传播其结果。波传播的电影和研究区域内的峰值地面速度和加速度的地图将与补充课程材料、示例、文档和元数据一起沿着供下载。这些地图可用于地震危险性评估。该项目将支持一名研究生和至少一名本科生作为兼职或暑期研究助理的教育。

Intellectual Impact. It is proposed to construct a three-dimensional, high resolution model of the shear-velocity structure of the crust and upper mantle beneath the Gulf of California Extensional Province (GEP) and neighboring Baja California. Primary goals are to image remnants of the subducted Farallon plate, search for evidence of lithospheric delamination beneath the Peninsular Range batholith, estimate thickness of the lithosphere, map regions of melt production in the upper mantle, and extend models of crustal thickness variations to areas that are not imaged by seismic refraction or receiver function studies. Overall, these observations will help in understanding the processes involved in magma generation and rifting Baja California from the rest of the continent. The strategy for developing the model is a step-wise, iterative process involving: (1) development of a moderate-resolution 3-D model of the region using teleseismic surface waves propagating through the array of stations surrounding the Gulf, employing new array processing techniques and finite frequency response kernels; (2) integration of information on crustal structure inferred from seismic refraction experiments, gravity, noise correlation measurements of surface wave dispersion, and receiver function analysis, with interpolations based on tectonic province, geological maps and topography; and (3) use of seismograms from regional earthquakes to refine this model by comparing observed and synthetic waveforms generated in a fully 3-D model that employs equations of motion to calculate the complete elastic response. The model will be refined iteratively until the seismograms are well matched. The proposed study addresses three of the overarching themes of the Rupturing Continental Lithosphere initiative of MARGINS by (1) mapping variations in crustal thickness due to lithospheric stretching and spreading; (2) mapping apparent thickness of the mantle component of the lithosphere, including subducted fragments of the oceanic lithosphere that were intimately involved in the rupture initiation process; and (3) imaging regions of anomalously low shear velocity in the mantle that correspond to probable regions of magma generation.Broader Impacts. As part of the MARGINS science program, this study will contribute to the understanding of the mechanisms involved in continental rifting and associated volcanism. The project will promote collaboration with geoscientists working on Baja California and the Gulf Extensional Province. The PIs will work with the MARGINS office to help disseminate their results to the wider public. Movies of wave propagation and maps of peak ground velocity and acceleration within the study area will be made available for download along with supplementary course material, examples, documentation, and meta-data. The maps can be useful in earthquake hazard assessment. This project will support the education of a graduate student and at least one undergraduate as a part-time or summer research assistant.