U.S. Participation in International Geoscience Unions

提案GEO-0701397; Lawson，Elaine;美国国家科学院摘要美国国家委员会（USNC）由四个国际地球科学联合会组成：国际大地测量与地球物理联合会（IUGG）、国际地质科学联合会（IUGS）、国际第四纪研究联合会（INQUA）、和国际土壤科学联合会（IUSS）将协调和确保美国地球科学研究界在这些联盟中的有效代表，参加他们的会议和相关活动。 这些国家委员会设在国家科学院国际科学组织委员会政策和全球事务司内。 四个国际地球科学联盟是国际科学理事会（ICSU）的成员。美国委员会将在国际联盟中发挥领导作用，解决一系列广泛的问题，不仅包括确定和鼓励发展新的地球科学研究倡议，而且还影响跨学科界限的科学行为，例如对科学家自由流通和研究出版物传播的限制;电子出版对发展中国家研究文章的费用和获取的影响;以及安全考虑对科学和技术信息自由流动的影响。 美国委员会还将向处于职业生涯早期的科学家介绍国际研究。委员会将与美国专业科学协会合作，如美国地球物理联合会、美国地质学会、美国土壤科学学会和美国第四纪协会，其中几个国家在委员会中有代表。这些委员会提名参加工会大会或理事会会议的美国代表团，并计划和赞助支持工会在美国活动的会议。 即将举行的最重要的会议包括：2008年夏季在挪威奥斯陆举行的国际地质大会; 2008年在澳大利亚布里斯班举行的国际地球科学联合会大会间理事会会议;和第19届世界土壤科学大会，布里斯班，澳大利亚，2010年8月1日至6日。虽然USNC是美国会员和参与国际联盟的所在地，这些委员会将在整个过程中与感兴趣的美国政府机构，特别是国家科学基金会进行磋商。

Proposal GEO-0701397; Lawson, Elaine; National Academy of SciencesAbstractThe U.S. National Committees (USNC's) for four international unions in the geosciences the International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics (IUGG), the International Union of Geological Sciences (IUGS), the International Union for Quaternary Research (INQUA), and the International Union of Soil Sciences (IUSS) will coordinate and assure effective representation of the U.S. geosciences research community in these unions, in their meetings and related activities. These National Committees are housed within the Policy and Global Affairs Division of the Board on International Scientific Organizations (BISO) of the National Academy of Sciences (NAS). The four international geosciences unions are members of the International Council for Science (ICSU).The U.S. Committees will play a lead role within the international unions in addressing a wide-ranging set of issues that not only include identifying and encouraging development of new geosciences research initiatives, but also impact the conduct of science across disciplinary boundaries, such as restrictions on the free circulation of scientists and dissemination of research publications; effects of electronic publishing on the costs and accessibility of research articles in developing countries; and the impact of security considerations on the free flow of scientific and technical information. The U.S. Committees will also introduce scientists who are early in their career to international research The Committees will undertake to keep the U.S. scientific community informed of the activities of the Unions, working in cooperation with U.S. professional scientific societies, such as the American Geophysical Union, the Geological Society of America, the Soil Science Society of America, and the American Quaternary Association, several of which are represented on the Committees. The Committees nominate the U.S. delegation to the general assemblies or council meetings of the unions, and plan and sponsor meetings that support union activities in the United States. Among the most important of the upcoming meetings are: the International Geological Congress, Oslo, Norway, summer 2008; the IUSS Intercongress Council Meeting, Brisbane, Australia, 2008; and the19th World Congress of Soil Science, Brisbane, Australia, August 1-6, 2010.While the USNC's are the locus for U.S. membership and participation in the international Unions, these Committees will consult throughout this process with interested U.S. Government agencies, particularly the National Science Foundation.