HCC: Designing and Evaluating Ambient-Tangible Displays for Collaboration

最近在有形和无处不在的计算方面的发展提出了一个有趣的问题：如果日常世界不仅可以是计算表示的对象，而且可以是计算交互的场所，那会怎么样？在物质世界里，别人的存在和不存在？谈话的声音，走廊里行人的一瞥，办公室里灯光和动静的景象？帮助人们保持对彼此的了解？有助于工作协调的行动。感知技术试图为在虚拟而非物理空间中工作的分布式群体再现这种非正式的集体活动感。有形和环境界面提供了一种思考这些系统的新方式，因为它们使用物理空间进行输入和输出。所提出的研究在于环境显示、有形界面和协作意识的交叉点。原型环境-有形系统Nimio的开发，以及对其成功部署到分布式工作组的评估，都展示了这些系统的实用性，并提出了重要的新研究问题，即：如何将这些经验扩大规模？如何评估这样的系统？本文提出了一个整合概念、技术和实证研究的研究项目，这不仅将产生环境和有形支持意识的新技术，而且还将产生对交互和解释之间关系的新理解，以及设计、建造和评估环境和有形系统的新方法。这将为我们对具体互动（物理、社会和计算系统之间的联系）的新兴理解做出概念上的贡献。它将有助于一个新兴的语料库的设计研究与具体的原型。它还将为评价环境技术和有形技术提供新的、可推广的和可转让的模型。这将有助于当代对非传统环境（如家庭环境、画廊、展览和公共空间）中数字系统评估的讨论。更广泛的影响：数字设备的普及意味着计算在我们的日常生活中越来越多地以新的形式出现，我们熟悉的物体（相机、音乐播放器、门钥匙、娱乐设备）在本质上越来越数字化。理解数字技术与日常实践之间关系的新模型对于成功开发和部署新型计算设备至关重要。通过将技术设计与社会实践联系起来，本研究将为技术融入日常生活的方式提供新的见解，并为创造性设计和参与创造新的机会。

Recent developments in tangible and ubiquitous computing have raised an interesting question: What if the everyday world can not only be an object of computational representation, but the site of computational interaction? In the material world, the presence and absence of others ? the sounds of conversation, the glimpse of people passing in corridors, the sight of lights and motion in offices ? helps people maintain an awareness of each other?s action that aids in work coordination. Awareness technologies attempt to reproduce this informal sense of collective activity for distributed groups who work in virtual rather than physical space. Tangible and ambient interfaces provide a new way of thinking about these systems, because they use physical space for input and for output.The proposed research lies at this intersection of ambient displays, tangible interfaces, and collaborative awareness. The development of a prototype ambient-tangible system, Nimio, and the evaluation of its successful deployment to a distributed workgroup, both demonstrated the utility of these systems and raised important new research questions, namely: How can these experiences be scaled up? How should such systems be evaluated?A program of research is proposed that integrates conceptual, technical, and empirical research which will not only generate new technologies for ambient and tangible support for awareness, but also new understandings of the relationship between interaction and interpretation and new methods for designing, building, and assessing ambient and tangible systems. This will make conceptual contributions to our emerging understandings of embodied interaction, the link between physical, social, and computational systems. It will contribute to an emerging corpus of design studies with concrete prototypes. It will also provide new, generalizable and transferable models for evaluating ambient and tangible technologies. This will contribute to contemporary discussions of evaluation of digital systems in non-traditional settings such as domestic environments, galleries, exhibits, and public spaces.Broader Impact:The prevalence of digital devices means that computation is increasingly taking on new forms in our everyday lives, and familiar objects (cameras, music players, door keys, entertainment devices) are increasingly digital in nature. New models for understanding the relationship between digital technology and everyday practice are critical to the successful development and deployment of new ranges of computational devices. By linking technological design to social practice, this research will provide new insights into the ways in which technology is incorporated into everyday life, and create new opportunities for creative design and engagement.