MRI: Acquisition of 15 High-rate GPS Units for Developing a Broadband Earthquake Observation System in Puerto Rico and the U.S. Virgin Islands

主要研究仪器（MRI）项目的资金将用于购买GPS设备，并在波多黎各和美属维尔京群岛安装高采样率（1hz）全球定位系统（GPS）网络。PI将在波多黎各地震台网和波多黎各强震计划运营的地震台站配置GPS站点。在偏远的外地场址安装网络将在联阿援助团的工程协助下完成。来自GPS网络的数据将记录长周期（分钟）地震波，作为探测海啸性地震的可能手段。宽带地震仪通常无法捕捉到大地震（例如，2004年12月26日发生的9.2兆瓦安达曼群岛-苏门答腊地震）后长周期地面运动的全带宽，因此仅使用地震数据很难快速估计特大地震的真实震级。利用高速率GPS观测，可以更准确、及时地（在地震发生几分钟后）估计大地震的真实震级（从而确定潜在的海啸）。鉴于波多黎各位于北美和加勒比构造板块之间的断层块上，并且被一系列活动断层所包围和相交，地震事件很常见，该地区的大地震（Mw7.0）过去曾引发过海啸（例如，1946年的8.0级伊斯帕尼奥拉地震）。拟议的GPS网络将补充现有的波多黎各地震网络和波多黎各强震项目，两者都在位于马亚圭斯的波多黎各大学内运行。高速GPS网络将使地球科学家能够记录长周期和永久的地面运动信息，这些信息是该地区目前的地震仪无法处理的。所提出的速度计-加速度计- gps综合地震观测系统将促进地震波传播、断层破裂过程的运动学和动力学、震前、同震和震后变形的认识，也可能有助于改进建筑物和关键结构的设计。GPS/地震仪综合网络将支持波多黎各及周边地区的地震和海啸灾害研究和减灾工作。来自GPS观测的数据也可以并将用于对流层水汽的实时层析成像，这对天气预报很有用，包括改进的飓风路径预报。原始的GPS数据将通过联安援助团档案免费提供。因此，大量的教师和学生可以从新构造学、大气科学和土木工程等领域的研究和应用数据中获益。波多黎各马亚圭斯大学（upm）打算让一名UPR学生参与网络的开发。UPRM是非博士。-授予，EPSCoR（刺激竞争性研究的实验计划）和西班牙裔服务机构。

Funds from this Major Research Instrumentation (MRI) Program grant will support acquisition of GPS equipment and the installation of high sample rate (1 Hz) Global Positioning System (GPS) network in Puerto Rico and the U.S. Virgin Islands. The PI's will collocate GPS sites at seismic stations operated by the Puerto Rico Seismic Network and the Puerto Rico Strong Motion Program. Installation of the network at remote field sites will be accomplished with UNAVCO engineering assistance. Data from the GPS network will record long-period (minutes) seismic waves as a possible means for detecting tsunamigenic earthquakes. Broadband seismometers are generally unable to capture the full bandwidth of long period ground motions following very large earthquakes (e.g., the Dec. 26, 2004, Mw 9.2Andaman Islands-Sumatra Earthquake) and it is therefore difficult to rapidly estimate the true magnitude of megaquakes using only seismic data. Estimation of the true magnitude (and therefore tsunami potential) of large earthquakes may be determined more accurately in a timely manner (minutes after the quake) using high rate GPS observations. Given that Puerto Rico is situated on a fault block between the North American and Caribbean tectonic plates and is surrounded and intersected by a series of active faults, seismic events are common and major earthquakes (Mw7.0) in the region have generated tsunamis in the past (e.g., 1946 Mw 8.0 Hispaniola earthquakes). The proposed GPS network will complement the existing Puerto Rico Seismic Network and the Puerto Rico Strong Motion Program, both operating within the University of Puerto Rico at Mayaguez. The high-rate GPS network will enable geoscientists to record long-period and permanent ground motion information that cannot be addressed using current seismometers in the region. The proposed integrated velocitymeter-accelerometer-GPS earthquake observation system will advance knowledge of seismic wave propagation, the kinematics and dynamics of fault rupture process, pre-seismic, co-seismic and post-seismic deformation, and is also likely to be useful for improving building and critical structure designs. The integrated GPS/seismometer network will support earthquake and tsunami hazards research and mitigation in Puerto Rico and the surrounding region. Data from GPS observations can and will also be used for real time tropospheric water vapor tomography which can be useful for weather prediction, including improved hurricane track forecasting. Raw GPS data will be freely available through the UNAVCO archive. As a result, a large number of faculty and students can potentially benefit from the data for research and applications ranging from neotectonics to atmospheric science to civil engineering. The University of Puerto Rico Mayaguez (UPRM) intend to engage a UPR student in the development of the network. UPRM is non-Ph.D.-granting, an EPSCoR (Experimental Program to Stimulate Competitive Research) and Hispanic serving institution.