Rapid Post-Disaster Reconnaissance for Building Damage Using Augmented Situational Visualization and Simulation Technology

这项研究将开发和实施一种新的侦察方法，以便快速和准确地量化建筑物在自然灾害和人为灾害期间遭受的结构损害。这项拟议的技术采用了增强现实(AR)透明显示器、高精度GPS接收器和磁性方位跟踪器，所有这些都连接到一个轻量级计算平台。利用来自这些传感器的信息，这项研究将研究提出的系统如何通过连接的摄像头获取视野数据，并与计算机模拟图像进行实时地理定位。然后将探索方法，以允许现场用户将先前存储的建筑信息叠加到AR设置中的真实结构的相应视图上，并通过评估两个视图之间的差异来估计建筑损坏。将提出允许现场用户根据测量的差异计算损坏指数的技术，以便能够迅速做出关于建筑物结构完整性和安全性的关键决定。此外，这项研究将探讨如何从建筑的实际视图中反馈信息，使用户能够更新结构分析模型并进行快速运行的模拟，以探索如果关键结构构件失效，建筑可能会如何倒塌。这项拟议的技术将为建筑物检查员和第一反应人员提供前所未有的能力，以便在发生恐怖袭击和城市地区地震等灾难性事件后评估损失。此外，通过提高自然灾害或人为灾害后建筑物损坏的速度和准确性，本项目开发的侦察技术将节省成本，并减少对市民的潜在危险和困难。该项目的教育目标与研究错综复杂，包括课程开发和改进，以及招募和留住最聪明的女性和少数族裔工程师的战略。

This research will develop and implement a new reconnaissance methodology for rapid and accurate quantification of structural damage sustained by buildings during natural and human perpetrated disasters. The proposed technology employs an Augmented Reality (AR) see-through display, a high-accuracy GPS receiver, and a magnetic orientation tracker all connected to a lightweight computing platform. Using in-formation from these sensors, the research will investigate how the proposed system can acquire visual field data via an attached camera and georeference it with computer simulated images in real time. Meth-odologies will then be explored to allow on-site users to superimpose previously stored building informa-tion onto the corresponding view of a real structure in an AR setting and estimate building damage by evaluating the discrepancy between the two views. Techniques will be proposed to permit field users to compute damage indices from the measured differences so that critical decisions about a building's structural integrity and safety can be rapidly made. Furthermore, the research will pursue how feedback information from the actual view of a building can permit users to update structural analysis models and conduct fast-running simulations to explore how a building might collapse if critical structural members fail. The proposed technology will deliver unprecedented capabilities to building inspectors and first respond-ers evaluating damage in the aftermath of catastrophic events such as terrorist attacks and earthquakes in urban areas. In addition, by increasing the speed and accuracy with which building damage may be as-sessed in the aftermath of natural or manmade disasters, the reconnaissance technology developed in this project will provide cost savings and reduce potential hazards and hardships to citizens. The project's educational objectives are intricately related to the research, and include curriculum development and im-provement as well as strategies to recruit and retain the brightest women and minority engineers.