Analyzing Differences in Forms of Domestic Violence

南卫理公会大学的维多利亚·S·洛克伍德博士将对家庭暴力的社会和文化相关性进行研究。家庭暴力研究的最新进展表明，家庭暴力实际上可能由几种性质不同的行为形式组成，这些形式可以根据其潜在动机、冲突/控制策略、对受害者的后果和家庭背景来区分。现已确定了两种主要形式：情境性夫妻暴力和亲密恐怖主义。研究人员将应用这一模型来理解塔希提岛农村地区家庭暴力的变异性，图布艾岛和鲁鲁图岛是法国海外领土法属波利尼西亚的南方群岛的一部分。跨文化文献表明，夫妻双方在早婚期间实施的高比例家庭暴力可能是情境性夫妇暴力的一种更短暂、往往不那么严重的形式。这项拟议的研究将调查每种形式的家庭暴力受害者的流行率、原因、意义和后果的差异。研究将集中于早婚中的冲突和不稳定与情境性夫妇暴力的高比率之间的可能联系，这种模式是跨文化确定的。情境性夫妻暴力不同于与亲密恐怖主义有关的终身虐待模式，似乎被国内政治中的肇事者战略性地利用。该项目还将调查各种家庭暴力行为“含义”的差异，其中一些行为被定义为“暴力”和非法，另一些行为被定义为“非暴力”和正当的。将确定塔希提亚性别系统中在婚姻、家庭和家庭层面运作的关键因素，这些因素与夫妇中存在/不存在各种形式的家庭暴力有关。对描述婚姻历史和家庭暴力事件的叙述的分析将被分析，以揭示家庭暴力是如何在夫妇中随着时间的推移而开始和发展的。这项研究将有助于我们努力理解暴力如何以及为什么成为某些婚姻关系的特征，而不是其他婚姻关系的特征。它还将有助于我们努力发展跨文化家庭暴力原因的理论。

Dr. Victoria S. Lockwood of Southern Methodist University will undertake research on the social and cultural correlates of domestic violence. Recent advances in the study of domestic violence suggest that it may actually consist of several qualitatively different forms of behavior that can be distinguished by their underlying motivations, conflict/control tactics, consequences for victims, and domestic contexts. Two major forms have been identified: situational couple violence and intimate terrorism. The researcher will apply this model to understanding variability in domestic violence on the rural Tahitian islands of Tubuai and Rurutu, part of the Austral Islands of France's Overseas Territory of French Polynesia. The cross-cultural literature suggests that a high rate of domestic violence perpetrated by both spouses in early marriage may be the more transient and often less severe form of situational couple violence. The proposed study will investigate differences in the prevalence, causes, meanings, and consequences for victims of each form of domestic violence. Research will focus on possible linkages between how conflict and instability in early marriage to high rates of situational couple violence, a pattern identified cross-culturally. Situational couple violence, unlike the life-long patterns of abuse associated with intimate terrorism, appears to be strategically utilized by perpetrators in domestic politics. The project will also investigate differences in the "meanings" of various domestic violence acts, some defined as "violent" and illegitimate, and others defined as "not-violence" and justifiable. Critical factors operating at the marital, family, and household levels within the Tahitian gender system will be identified that are linked to the presence/absence of each form of domestic violence in couples. Analysis of narratives describing marital histories and domestic violence events will be analyzed to uncover how domestic violence begins and develops over time in couples. This research will contribute to our efforts to understand how and why violence becomes a feature of some marital relationships but not others. It will also contribute to our efforts to develop theories of the causes of domestic violence cross-culturally.