Kinetics and Pathways for Gasification in Supercritical Water

CBET-0755617可在高于热力学临界点(374C，22兆帕)的水中进行有机物质和化合物的气化。论证了超临界水气化(SCWG)的技术、经济和能源可行性。生物质，无论是“能源作物”还是农业和食品加工废弃物，都可以气化生产氢气或合成气。生物质超临界水能发电是可持续能源生产的一种途径。尽管超临界水蒸气的可行性已被证明，但人们对支配超临界水蒸气的化学反应的动力学和途径知之甚少。这样的信息具有科学意义，因为它将把我们关于热液有机化学的知识扩展到一个鲜有人关注的新领域。这些信息在技术上也很有意义，因为它可以用来促进SCWG流程的设计、优化和分析。本项目的目标是确定一组模型化合物在表征良好的条件下的均相和催化超临界水合作用的动力学和途径。这项工作将集中于报告无金属反应器中超临界水蒸汽的动力学，以及液体和气相产物的详细分析结果。PI将使用厚壁玻璃毛细管作为迷你间歇反应器。这项研究有两个主要组成部分。一是确定一组生物质和生物废弃物模型化合物的SCWG反应动力学和非催化气化途径。二是确定这些模型化合物的催化气化反应动力学和反应途径。更广泛的IMPACTS项目将带来科学进步，并最终带来技术进步。国际和平研究所将出版这些科学进展，以广泛传播。如果实现技术进步，这项工作的好处将扩大到能源行业和普通公众(通过拥有更稳定和更可持续的电力和运输燃料来源)。该项目还将为一名研究生和大约六名本科生提供培训，因此有人力资源方面的好处。此外，PI将继续他的做法，将他的研究成果纳入他在密歇根大学任教的本科生和研究生班级，因此将有与教学和研究相结合的好处。因此，该项目的更广泛的影响包括：技术进步的可能性，推动我们走向更可再生和可持续的能源供应；科学和工程人力资源的开发；项目成果的广泛传播；以及研究和教学的整合。

CBET-0755617, SavageINTELLECTUAL MERITGasification of organic materials and compounds can be done in water above its thermodynamic critical point (374 °C, 22 MPa). The technological, economic, and energetic feasibility of supercritical water gasification (SCWG) has been demonstrated. Biomass, either "energy crops" or agricultural and food processing waste, can be gasified to produce H2 or syngas. SCWG of biomass is one approach for sustainable energy production. Though the feasibility of SCWG has been demonstrated, very little is known about the kinetics and pathways of the chemical reactions that govern SCWG. Such information is of interest scientifically because it will extend our knowledge of hydrothermal organic chemistry into a new region that has received scant attention. The information is also of interest technologically because it can be used to facilitate the design, optimization, and analysis of SCWG processes. The goal of this project is to determine the kinetics and pathways for both homogeneous and catalyzed SCWG of a set of model compounds under well characterized conditions. This work will focus on reporting the kinetics for SCWG in metal-free reactors and the results from detailed analysis of products in both the liquid and gas phases. The PI will use thick-walled glass capillary tubes as mini batch reactors. There are two primary components of this research. One is to determine the SCWG reaction kinetics and pathways for uncatalyzed gasification of a suite of biomass and bio-waste model compounds. The other is to determine the reaction kinetics and pathways for catalyzed gasification of these model compounds. BROADER IMPACTSThe project will generate scientific advances and, eventually, technological advances. The PI will publish the scientific advances to broadly disseminate them. If technological advances are achieved, the benefit of this work will extend to the energy industry and the general public (by having a more politically stable and sustainable source for electricity and transportation fuels). The project will also provide training for a graduate student and about six undergraduate students, so there are human resource benefits. Additionally, the PI will continue his practice of incorporating his research results into the undergraduate and graduate classes he teaches at Michigan, so there will be benefits related to the integration of teaching and research. Thus, the broader impacts of this project include the possibility of technological advances that move us toward a more renewable and sustainable energy supply, the development of human resources in science and engineering, the broad dissemination of project results, and the integration of research and teaching.