GEM: Assessing the Storm-Time Magnetic Distortion in the Inner Magnetosphere

该项目将对地磁暴期间控制内磁层磁拓扑结构的过程进行定量和系统的调查。 将用几个数值模式模拟选定的风暴事件，并将结果相互比较并与观测结果比较。 通过对数据和模型进行比较，将有可能估计磁暴时内磁层磁场的失真，并确定哪些电流系统造成了这种失真的哪些方面。 这些代码包括：热电子和离子漂移积分器（HEIDI）、内磁层粒子输运和加速模型（IMPTAM）和空间气象建模框架（SWMF）及其耦合模型。这项研究将包括广泛的数据分析，特别是磁层磁场测量和近地等离子体数据（特别是来自Polar、Geotail、FAST、GOES和LANL地球同步卫星以及IMAGE的数据），以及地面磁扰动观测。 这项研究的主要目的是量化哪些主要的电流系统导致磁暴期间内磁层场畸变的哪些方面。 该项目将使用基于物理的数值模型来研究特定的风暴事件，以了解导致主导磁场扭曲的电流系统的等离子体流动。 对流或感应电场对内磁层的相对贡献也将被研究。 等离子体片的密度，温度和结构的作用将被评估，以确定局部注射磁场失真的影响。 该项目涉及一项国际合作，并通过将一名女科学家、芬兰气象研究所的Ganushkina博士带到密歇根州与首席研究员直接合作，促进代表性不足的群体。

This project will conduct a quantitative and systematic investigation of the processes controlling the inner magnetospheric magnetic topology during geomagnetic storms. Selected storm events will be simulated with several numerical models and the results will be compared with each other and with observations. The data and model comparisons will make it possible to estimate the storm-time distortion of the magnetic field in the inner magnetosphere and to determine what current systems are responsible for which aspects of this distortion. The codes include the following: the Hot Electron and Ion Drift Integrator (HEIDI), the Inner Magnetosphere Particle Transport and Acceleration Model (IMPTAM), and the Space Weather Modeling Framework (SWMF, and the models coupled therein). This study will include extensive data analysis, particularly of magnetospheric magnetic field measurements and near-Earth plasma data (especially from Polar, Geotail, FAST, GOES and LANL geosynchronous satellites, and IMAGE), and ground-based magnetic perturbation observations. The primary objective of the study is to quantify which of the major current systems cause what aspects of the inner magnetospheric field distortion during storms. The project will examine specific storm events with physics-based numerical models to understand the flow of plasma leading to the current systems that dominate the magnetic field distortions. The relative contributions to the inner magnetosphere by convective or inductive electric fields will also be examined. The role of the plasma sheet density, temperature, and structure will be assessed to determine the influence of localized injections on the magnetic field distortions. The project involves an international collaboration and promoting underrepresented groups by bringing a woman scientist, Dr. Ganushkina of the Finnish Meteorological Institute, to Michigan to work directly with the Principal Investigator (PI).