Support for the Archaeometry Laboratory at MURR

在国家科学基金会的支持下，迈克尔·格拉斯科克博士和他的同事们将继续运作密苏里大学研究反应堆中心(MURR)的考古实验室。穆尔考古实验室是美国最全面的实验室之一，致力于考古材料的化学特性研究。MURR实验室因其在化学表征和考古数据解释方面的领先作用而在世界各地得到广泛认可。MURR提供的分析技术包括中子活化分析(NAA)、使用高分辨率和四极仪器对溶液进行电感耦合等离子体质谱(ICPMS)、激光消融电感耦合等离子体质谱(LA-ICPMS)以及常规和便携式XRF。这些多元素技术可以同时对各种考古材料中的主要、次要和痕量元素进行高准确度和精确度的量化。MURR实验室还在培训学生应用于具体考古问题的分析技术方面发挥着重要作用。考古学学生经常被邀请到密苏里州的实验室实地参观，在那里他们被教授了解释考古数据的各种方法，并可以直接访问大型成分数据库，其中包含了INAA、电感耦合等离子体质谱和XRF对陶器、黑铁矿、玄武岩和硅质岩的90,000多个先前的分析。正在继续开发和改进对这些数据库的在线访问，以便与其他实验室的数据库相结合。MURR实验室的工作人员和学生也参与了从不再运行的实验室中抢救成分数据库的努力。除了继续支持学生和高级考古学研究项目外，Glascock博士还将致力于制定校准标准和分析程序，以促进来自多种分析技术(例如，INAA、ICP-MS、XRF)的数据的整合。这些努力将使考古成分分析研究中涉及的新的和成熟的分析程序受益。Glascock博士和他的同事还将继续监督LA-ICPMS的开发和在考古材料中的应用，并将促进便携式XRF的开发，用于考古测量研究。这笔赠款的更广泛影响是，与同事和学生合作产生的基本数据将用于处理与史前民族和社会的人类和社会动态有关的重要专题，如人的流动模式和迁徙、对冲突和压力的文化反应、社区社会组织、手工艺生产和专业化的发展以及社会边界和特性的建立和维护。成分数据也将用于提高我们对古代技术变化的理解，并提供对史前饮食和营养的洞察。

With National Science Foundation support Dr. Michael Glascock and his colleagues will continue the operation of the Archaeometry Laboratory at the University of Missouri Research Reactor Center (MURR). The MURR Archaeometry Laboratory is one of the most comprehensive US-based laboratories dedicated to chemical characterization studies of archaeological materials. The MURR laboratory is widely recognized around the world for its leading role in chemical characterization and interpretation of archaeometric data. The analytical techniques available at MURR include neutron activation analysis (NAA), inductively-coupled-plasma mass-spectrometry (ICP-MS) of solutions using high resolution and quadrupole instruments, laser ablation ICP-MS (LA-ICP-MS), and conventional- and portable-XRF. These multi-elemental techniques permit the quantification of major, minor and trace elements simultaneously and with a high degree of accuracy and precision in a wide range of archaeological materials. The MURR laboratory also plays an important role in training students in the analytical techniques for application to specific archaeological questions. Frequently, archaeology students are invited to spend time on site visiting the Missouri laboratory where they are taught a variety of methods for interpreting archaeological data and have direct access to the large compositional databases containing more than 90,000 previous analyses of pottery, obsidian, basalt, and chert by INAA, ICP-MS, and XRF. Online access to these databases is continuing to be developed and improved for integration with databases from other laboratories. MURR laboratory staff and students are also involved in efforts to rescue of compositional databases from laboratories no longer in operation. In addition to continued support of student and senior archaeology research projects, Dr. Glascock will also work toward the development of calibration standards and analytical procedures that facilitate the integration of data from multiple analytical techniques (e.g., INAA, ICP-MS, XRF). These efforts will benefit both new and mature analytical programs involved in archaeometric compositional analysis research. Dr. Glascock and his colleagues also will continue to oversee the development and application of LA-ICP-MS to archaeological materials and will facilitate the development of portable-XRF for archaeometric research. The broader impacts of this grant are that elemental data generated in collaboration with colleagues and students will be used to address important topics related to human and social dynamics of prehistoric peoples and societies, such as, mobility patterns and migrations of people, cultural responses to conflict and stress, community social organization, the development of craft production and specialization, and the creation and maintenance of social boundaries and identity. Compositional data will also be used improve our understanding concerning changes in ancient technology and provide insight into prehistoric diet and nutrition.