Workshop: A Workshop on Friction: A Grand Challenge at the Interface of Solid and Fluid Mechanics; Chamonix, France, March 13-14, 2008

在固-固和固-流界面处跨学科出现的摩擦的多尺度挑战限制了工程界以确定性方式描述该过程的能力。 这笔赠款使召开一个小型研讨会，以启动在不同界面研究这一问题的流体和固体力学社区之间的方法学“交叉施肥”，并应对制定统一分析技术的巨大挑战。与会者将被挑选出来，包括广泛和不同的参与跨学科的流体力学（微流体，滑移，湍流边界层），固体力学（摩擦，多尺度分析和材料物理学）和动力系统。提高理解和摩擦的多个起源建模的技术，旨在减少人类发展和运输的环境影响的一个重要组成部分。 对于固-固界面的影响包括减少磨损、噪音、振动等，以及在许多应用中提高传动效率。在流体流动和固体材料之间的界面，这种增强的理解具有潜在的进步，从湍流表面摩擦减少，提高车辆效率，改进模型和控制污染物扩散的大气风在城市“粗糙”的环境，以先进的理解环境物理和气候现象，如冰原的发展和冰川融化。 需要取得重大进展的挑战，工程界既要找到跨学科的方法，整合基本的固体和流体力学的元素，并开发主动控制技术，以最佳的方式塑造界面摩擦和整体系统响应之间的耦合。

The multi-scale challenges of friction, which arise across disciplines at solid-solid and solid-fluid interfaces, have limited the engineering community's ability to describe the process in a deterministic manner. This grant enables the convening of a small workshop to initiate a "cross-fertilization" of methodology between fluid and solid mechanics communities studying this problem at different interfaces and to tackle the grand challenge of the formulation of unified analysis techniques. The small group of attendees will be selected to include broad and diverse participation across the disciplines of fluid mechanics (microfluidics, slip, turbulent boundary layers), solid mechanics (friction, multiscale analysis and material physics) and dynamical systems.Improved understanding and modeling of the multiple origins of friction form a vital component of technologies aimed at reducing the environmental impact of human development and transportation. The implications for solid-solid interfaces include reduced wear, noise, vibration, etc. and increased transmission efficiency in many applications. At interfaces between fluid flow and solid materials this enhanced understanding holds potential for advances ranging from turbulent skin friction reduction for increased vehicle efficiency, improved models and control of pollutant dispersion by atmospheric winds in urban "rough" environments to advanced understanding of environmental physics and climate phenomena such as ice-field development and glacier melting. The need for significant progress challenges the engineering community both to find interdisciplinary approaches that integrate elements of fundamental solid and fluid mechanics and to develop active control techniques to shape the coupling between friction at the interface and the overall system response in optimal ways.