Building a Methodology for Developing and Evaluating Instructionally Sensitive Assessments

项目摘要：本项目的目的是建立并实证检验一种综合方法，以开发教学敏感评估，从而更好地了解科学教学对学生成绩的影响程度。该项目将发展和试验一种评价方法，以改进评价的概念化和用于评价研究和/或问责制目的的方式。学生参加的大规模、标准化的评估可能与他们正在学习的课程没有直接联系。这种情况在学生能够在特定评估中展示的知识和能力与他们可能拥有的评估实际上没有涉及的知识和能力之间建立了紧张关系。该项目的目标是解决这种紧张关系。该项目将促进对有效性的认识，这对评估教学或教学计划的有效性至关重要；它将扩大制订和评价对教学敏感的评价的现有战略；它将提供证据，证明在问责制或项目有效性目的的教学敏感性方面实施评估的重要性。拟议的研究活动将指导今后的评价研究和评价发展。该项目旨在改善参与学区的科学评估实践，主要服务于弱势学生群体。该项目将向参与的教师提供培训，使其了解如何制定和评估对教学敏感的评估，介绍可在日常实践中用于判断评估质量和将评估与教学联系起来的策略，并向未参与的学校或学区的教师传播方法和相关材料。

Project Abstract:The purpose of this project is to build and empirically test a comprehensive approach for developing instructionally sensitive assessments that can provide a better picture of the extent that science instruction impacts student achievement. The project will develop and test an assessment approach that can improve the way that assessments are conceptualized and used for evaluation studies and/or accountability purposes. The large-scale, standardized, assessments students take may not be directly tied to the curriculum they are studying. This situation sets up a tension between the knowledge and competencies students are able to demonstrate on a particular assessment and those they may have which the assessment does not in fact probe. The goal of the project is to address this tension. The project will advance knowledge about validity that is critical to the evaluation of the effectiveness of instruction or instructional programs; it will expand the strategies available for developing and evaluating instructionally sensitive assessments; and it will provide evidence about the importance of implementing assessments varying in instructional sensitivity for accountability or program effectiveness purposes. The proposed research activities will guide future evaluation research and assessment development. The project aims to improve the science assessment practices in the participating school districts, mostly serving disadvantaged student populations. The project will provide training to participating teachers on how to develop and evaluate instructionally sensitive assessments, introduce strategies that can be used in their daily practice to judge the quality of the assessments and link assessments to instruction, and disseminate the approach and relevant materials to teachers in non-participating schools or school districts.