Doctoral Dissertation Research: Doing Being Hawaiian: Identity, Ideology, and Hawaiian Language Education Programs

研究生Alicia Snyder-Frey将在Kathryn A. Woolard博士的指导下进行研究，研究复兴夏威夷语的努力如何影响夏威夷原住民的语言和身份。她将重点研究语言复兴、被称为“本地”的泛民族社会类别和通过夏威夷克里奥尔英语表达本地身份之间的关系。夏威夷语在上个世纪的大部分时间里被视为一种濒临消亡的语言，在过去的20年里经历了一次复兴。然而，目前尚不清楚夏威夷语复兴的努力对夏威夷人的共同概念产生了什么影响。“本地”一词指的是一个社会类别，包括夏威夷原住民和那些在岛上有着悠久历史的少数移民群体，与白人（盎格鲁-美国人）人口形成鲜明对比，后者的分离以说标准英语为标志。考虑到两者都与夏威夷克里奥尔英语有关，长期以来，本地和夏威夷原住民的身份在语言上难以区分。这可能会被振兴运动所改变。研究人员将在瓦胡岛进行为期12个月的混合方法、人种学实地工作，以评估夏威夷语言复兴的更广泛后果。她将采用夏威夷语课堂内外的参与者观察、半结构化访谈、问卷调查和匹配的伪装语言态度测试。将收集数据，以了解夏威夷语言项目参与者和非参与者的土著和本地重叠的社会类别之间的关系，以及社区成员将这些身份与夏威夷特有的两种语言代码联系起来的方式。语言濒危是一个世界性的问题，应对之道往往是语言振兴。这个研究项目意义重大，因为它将对复兴的语言和社会后果的学术理解做出重大贡献。此外，这些发现对当地社区成员，如教师和语言保护主义者也很有用。这项研究也将有助于社会科学家的教育。

Graduate student Alicia Snyder-Frey, under the direction of Dr. Kathryn A. Woolard, will undertake research on how efforts to revitalize the Hawaiian language have affected Native Hawaiian speech and identity. She will focus her research on the relationship between language revitalization, the pan-ethnic social category known as "Local," and the linguistic expression of Local identity through Hawaii Creole English. Hawaiian, viewed as a dying language for most of the past century, has experienced a resurgence in the past twenty years. However, it remains unclear what the consequences of Hawaiian language revitalization efforts have been for shared conceptions of what it means to be Hawaiian. The term, Local, refers to a social category that includes Native Hawaiians and those minority immigrant groups who have a long history on the islands, in contrast to the haole (Anglo-American) population, whose separation is indexed by speaking Standard English. Local and Native Hawaiian identities have long been linguistically indistinguishable, given that both are associated with Hawaii Creole English. This may be changed by the revitalization movement.The researcher will undertake twelve months of mixed methods, ethnographic field work in Oahu to assess the broader consequences of Hawaiian language revitalization. She will employ participant observation in and out of Hawaiian-language classrooms, semi-structured interviews, questionnaires, and matched guise language attitude tests. Data will be collected on the relationship between the overlapping social categories of Native and Local for participants and non-participants in the Hawaiian language programs, and on the ways in which community members link these identities to the two linguistic codes distinctive of Hawaii. Language endangerment is a worldwide problem to which the response is frequently language revitalization. This research project is significant because it will contribute significantly to scholarly understanding of both the linguistic and social consequencess of revitalization. In addition, the findings will be useful to to local community members, such as teachers and language preservationists. The research also will contribute to the education of a social scientist.