Quantum Entanglement in Novel Macroscopic Systems & Applications to Quantum Sensors

项目摘要(2008年8月6日修订)量子纠缠和纠缠量子比特和连续变量的方法已经被广泛开发，并继续处于量子信息处理的核心。虽然人们对原子和光子的纠缠了解得比较清楚，但要理解和实现像玻色爱因斯坦凝聚体和量子点系统这样的宏观系统的纠缠，还有很长的路要走。此外，现在人们必须考虑我们所拥有的新资源的重要应用。因此，我们建议发展和研究纠缠物质波源，我们提出了产生两个玻色凝聚体的纠缠的方案。每种凝析油可以是单组分，也可以是多组分。当我们处理集体坐标时，这涉及到多粒子纠缠。我们进一步提出将纠缠用于海森伯有限干涉测量。请注意，最近由Aspect、Phillips和其他人组织的一次会议[http://portale.unitn.it/events/interf08/]]讨论了玻色凝聚体的量子光学如何成为一个新的研究方向。我们计划研究的另一个新系统是起超级原子作用的量子点系统。有可能产生一个具有两个点的系统，其中点之间的相对间隔可以在几个纳米的范围内，从而产生显著的d-d相互作用。我们建议研究d-d相互作用导致的双点系统中的量子纠缠，并考虑其在相干驱动下的操纵。研究的智力价值。我们建议进行基础性研究。建立了两个量子点或两个玻色凝聚体之间产生纠缠的理论模型。在这样的系统中，物质和光子自由度的纠缠也是可能的。通过应用量子光学的概念，如压缩和光子-光子关联，这类系统出现了更新的方面。研究的更广泛影响。在这里，我们建议继续我们先前在量子光学和凝聚态物理领域的合作。我们建议使用不同领域的想法和技术。例如，量子光学中的主方程技术对于研究量子点系统发射中的光子光子关联和研究退相干是有用的。集体激发和射影测量的思想适用于研究独立玻色凝聚体的纠缠。我们与我们的冷原子小组进行了积极的合作。所有这些都将得到我们在最近的国家科学基金支助(CCF-0524673)期间建立的国际合作的补充，该支助于2008年6月结束。我们建议的一个重要内容是在新兴的量子信息科学交叉学科领域培养研究生。

PROJECT SUMMARY( Revised August 6, 2008) The quantum entanglement and ways to entangle qubits and continues variables have been extensively developed and continue to be at the heart of quantum information processing. While entanglement of atoms and photons is relatively well understood; one still has to go long way in understanding and achieving entanglement of macroscopic systems like Bose Einstein condensates and system of quantum dots. Besides now one has to think of important applications of the new resource that we have at our disposal. We thus propose to develop and study entangled source of matter waves we propose schemes to produce entanglement of two Bose condensates. Each condensate could be either single component or multi component. This involves multi particle entanglement as we deal with collective coordinates. We further propose to use entanglement for Heisenberg limited interferometry. Note that a recent conference [http://portale.unitn.it/events/interf08/] organized by Aspect, Phillips and others discussed how quantum optics of Bose condensates is a new direction of research. Another novel system that we propose to study is the system of quantum dots which act like super atoms. It is possible to produce a system with two dots where the relative separation between dots could be in the range of few nano meters leading to prominent d-d interaction. We propose to study the quantum entanglement in a double dot system which results from d-d interactions and consider its manipulation by a coherent drive. Intellectual Merit of Research. We propose fundamental studies. Theoretical models for producing entanglement between two quantum dots or two Bose condensates would be developed. In such systems it is also possible to entangle matter and photonic degrees of freedom. Further newer aspects of such systems emerge by applying the ideas from quantum optics such as squeezing and photon-photon correlations. Broader Impact of the Research. Here we propose to continue our earlier collaboration involving the fields of quantum optics and condensed matter physics . We propose to use ideas and techniques from different fields. For example, the master equation techniques from quantum optics should be useful for the study of photon photon correlations in emission from system of quantum dots and in studying decoherence. The idea of collective excitations and projective measurements are appropriate for the study of entanglement of independent Bose condensates. We have active collaboration with our cold atom group. All this would be supplemented by the international collaboration that we have built up during the period of the recent NSF support (CCF-0524673) which ended in June 2008. An important element of our proposal is to train graduate students in the emerging interdisciplinary area of quantum information science.