RUI: Theoretical Investigation of CP Violation in Extensions of the Standard Model

这个奖项是根据2009年美国复苏和再投资法案(公共法律111-5)资助的。今天粒子物理学最重要的重点之一是寻找“新物理学”的信号，也就是超越标准模型(SM)的物理学。在接下来的几年里，随着大型强子对撞机(LHC)实验者绘制出TeV尺度的物理学图，可能会有重要的发现。对新物理(NP)的互补性搜索也在低能量下进行，使用间接探测器。中微子物理的结果已经为SM以外的物理结构提供了令人兴奋的线索。未来的中微子实验将继续绘制出中微子的质量、混合和CP性质，并探索它们的本质(即马约拉纳或狄拉克)。另一方面，LHCB有望建立在Babar和Belle所做的B介子精确测量的基础上；一个可能的超级风味工厂可能会扩大这一范围，并将对tau和charm研究做出重要贡献。一些低能和高能实验有望使用CP奇观测来寻找NP，因为SM的许多扩展包含了CP破坏的新来源。CP-奇观量是区分NP和SM效应的有效判别器；此外，这种观测值可以帮助辨别NP的结构。首席研究者将评估SM的几个扩展的现象学效应，集中在CP下的奇观量。拟议工作的一个补充重点预计是对SM的各种扩展进行限制、修改或推广。拟议的工作将包括重点放在低能和高能过程上。在前一种情况下，将寻求新粒子的效果。在后者中，研究将假设新粒子可以在对撞机环境中的壳层上产生。具体项目包括计算超对称性中Chargino、Stau和sBottom衰变的速率不对称性，以及研究顶夸克衰变和某些B衰变到矢量-矢量末态。一些更广泛的影响是，拟议的工作将对实验者有用，因为他们开始筛选大量数据，寻找NP的信号。几名本科生直接参与这项研究将增强这些学生的教育体验，并为他们进入顶尖研究生院做好更好的准备。本科生研究水平的提高也将有助于该机构吸引高素质的本科生参加物理项目，这将特别有助于吸引更多的女性和少数族裔学生，这些学生目前在泰勒大学的物理项目中代表不足。

"This award is funded under the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 (Public Law 111-5)."One of the strongest emphases in particle physics today is on searching for signals of "new physics", that is, physics beyond the Standard Model (SM). The next few years could witness important discoveries as the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) experimentalists map out physics at the TeV scale. Complementary searches for new physics (NP) are also underway at low energies, using indirect probes. Results from neutrino physics have already provided exciting hints regarding the structure of physics beyond the SM. Future neutrino experiments will continue to map out the masses, mixings and CP properties of neutrinos and to probe their essential nature (i.e., Majorana or Dirac). On another front, LHCb is expected to build on the precision B meson measurements made at Babar and Belle; a possible Super Flavor Factory could extend this reach, and would also make important contributions to tau and charm studies. Several of the low- and high-energy experiments are expected to employ CP-odd observables in the search for NP, since many extensions of the SM contain novel sources of CP violation. CP-odd observables can be useful discriminators between NP and SM effects; furthermore, such observables could help discern the structure of NP.The Principal Investigator will assess phenomenological effects of several extensions of the SM, concentrating on observables that are odd under CP. A complementary focus of the proposed work is expected to be the constraint, modification or generalization of various extensions of the SM. The proposed work will include emphases on both low- and high-energy processes. In the former case, the effects of new particles will be sought. In the latter, studies will be performed assuming that new particles could be produced on-shell in a collider environment. Specific projects include the calculation of rate asymmetries in chargino, stau and sbottom decays within supersymmetry, as well as investigations of top quark decays and certain B decays to vector-vector final states. Some of the broader impacts are that the proposed work will be useful to experimentalists as they begin to sift through large amounts of data searching for signals of NP.The direct involvement of several undergraduate students in the research will enhance the educational experiences of those students and will better prepare them for entrance into top graduate schools. The increased level of undergraduate research will also help the institution attract highly qualified undergraduate students to the physics program and will be particularly helpful in attracting more female and minority students, who are currently underrepresented in the physics program at Taylor.