Arctic Research Using the Community Climate System Model

该奖项是根据2009年美国复苏和再投资法案（公法111-5）资助的。在极地地区已经观察到非常迅速的变化，预计在可预见的未来将继续下去。这种变化在整个系统中无处不在，发生在大气层、陆地和海洋组成部分，包括物理、化学和生物领域。然而，许多决定极地系统未来轨迹的联系和反馈都没有受到很好的约束，这限制了我们预测其未来状态的能力。需要从系统的角度来进一步理解，并确定未来的变化意味着什么。全球气候模型明确地综合了大气、陆地和海洋的组成部分，现在许多模型将地球化学和生态系统过程纳入物理系统。因此，它们是评估极地系统行为和研究各组成部分与极地过程和反馈之间联系的重要工具。这些模型还使我们能够预测未来的北极条件，并研究极地和全球系统之间的相互作用。传统上，全球气候模型是在国家中心开发的，更广泛的科学界对它的使用有限。社区气候系统模型（CCSM），这是在国家大气研究中心（NCAR）的基础上，一直是一个真正的社区模型，由广泛的科学家社区建立和使用的独特之处。CCSM的源代码和模拟输出可通过互联网免费获得，CCSM工作组，包括极地气候工作组，设计模型系统和实验，对所有参与者开放。为了便利极地科学界使用CCSM，需要内部支持。这一努力将使广泛的极地科学界能够通过资助NCAR气候和全球动力学部门的专门极地社区联络来使用和开发CCSM。该联络员的职能包括两项主要任务。第一个是促进CCSM海冰部分的开发，其中包括极地气候工作组商定的新参数化和软件工程要求。第二是为参与CCSM实验分析和设计的极地科学界提供诊断援助，并作为更大的极地系统科学界的联络人。这将最终导致在CCSM极性过程的改善，并使模型实验研究极性系统的行为。

This award is funded under the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 (Public Law 111-5).Very rapid change has been observed in the Polar Regions and is projected to continue for the foreseeable future. This change is ubiquitous across the system occurring within the atmosphere, terrestrial and marine components and encompassing the physical, chemical and biological spheres. However, many of the linkages and feedbacks that determine the future trajectory of the polar systems are poorly constrained, which limits our ability to predict their future state. A systems perspective is required to further our understanding and determine what changes imply for the future. Global climate models explicitly synthesize across the atmosphere, terrestrial and marine components and many now incorporate biogeochemical and ecosystem processes into the physical system. As such, they are a critical tool for assessing polar system behavior and for studying linkages among various components and polar processes and feedbacks. These models also allow us to project future arctic conditions and investigate interactions between the polar and global systems. Traditionally global climate models have been developed at national centers, and had limited access by the broader scientific community. The Community Climate System Model (CCSM), which is based at the National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR), has been unique in being a true community model that is built and used by a broad community of scientists. The CCSM source code and simulation output are freely available through the internet, and CCSM working groups, including the Polar Climate Working Group, that design the model system and experiments are open to all participants. To facilitate use of the CCSM by the polar scientific community requires in-house support. This effort will enable use and development of the CCSM by the broad polar scientific community through the funding of a dedicated polar community liaison in the Climate and Global Dynamics Division at NCAR. The functions performed by this liaison involve two primary tasks. The first is to facilitate the development of the sea ice component of the CCSM, which incorporates new parameterizations and software engineering requirements agreed upon by the Polar Climate Working Group. The second is to provide diagnostic assistance for the polar scientific community involved in the analysis and design of CCSM experiments, and act as a liaison to the greater polar system science community. This will ultimately lead to the improvement of polar processes in the CCSM, and enable model experiments to investigate polar system behavior.