Doctoral Dissertation Research: The Local Enforcement of Regulations in China and Russia

通过对中国和俄罗斯多个城市的案例研究，研究人员试图阐明解释为什么以及如何在地方层面上执行监管在空间和时间上有所不同的政治动态。研究官方政策和地方政策执行之间的差异，为理解行动中的法律而不是书本上的法律提供了独特的机会。从指令经济向市场经济过渡的国家，如中国和俄罗斯，由于这种过渡引起的社会、政治、法律的和经济的不确定性，对政策执行的理论理解特别有意义。研究人员将与参与颁布政策的主要官员、负责地方执法的行动者、非政府组织成员和执法目标（潜在和实际）进行访谈，以确定和解释惩罚性执法与康复性执法以及惩罚性执法行动的变化。此外，研究员将在中国和俄罗斯进行档案工作，收集有关警察记录和新闻报道的信息。这项研究的结果将提供洞察国家能力，政策执行和犯罪组织。

Through a multi-city case study in China and Russia, the researcher seeks to elucidate the political dynamics that explain why and how the enforcement of regulation varies across space and time at the local level. Examining the difference between official policy and local implementation of policy offers unique opportunities to understand law-in-action as opposed to law-on-the-books. Countries transitioning from command to market economies, such as China and Russia, are particularly interesting with regard to theoretical understanding of policy implementation because of the social, political, legal, and economic uncertainties induced by such transitions. The researcher will conduct interviews with key officials involved in the promulgation of policy, actors charged with local enforcement, members of non-governmental organizations, and targets (potential and actual) of enforcement to identify and explain punitive versus rehabilitative enforcement and variation in punitive enforcement actions. In addition, the researcher will conduct archival work in both China and Russia to gather relevant police records and information on press coverage. The results of this research will provide insights into state capacity, policy implementation, and criminal organization.