Development of High-Pressure Environmental Chamber

该合同将在12个月内提供85,141美元的资金，用于开发一种高压电池，该电池将允许模拟海底环境的实时XRD研究。该腔室将允许模拟热液区域的高温（200°C）操作。因此，该电池将允许分析排放气体（如甲烷、二氧化碳和氧气）对矿物动力学的影响，也可以分析悬浮液中的固相。该细胞将有注射和提取阀，以便样品可以操作和暂时的子采样。一个混合泵将安装在线保持悬浮液混合和溶质平衡。这种特殊的细胞将允许在以前无法达到的温度和压力下研究矿物的相互作用。目标环境将是黑烟和白烟热液系统和含甲烷的底栖生物系统。这种细胞对于理解自生矿物的形成，尤其是白云岩，是至关重要的。其他研究重点包括粘土矿物学和生物增强illiization。在其他粘土矿物学研究中，该细胞将用于测定盐度、温度和压力对生物材料-粘土相互作用的作用。还将分析盐度、温度和压力对沉积、甲烷和二氧化碳含量和封存以及矿物-盐水相互作用的影响。该单元还将用于更好地了解海相沉积盆地的陆源物质蚀变。新系统将对研究深海生物地球化学至关重要，并将有助于为研究热液和盆地系统提供实验平台。研究生和本科生将获得该奖项的支持。学生将专注于仪器开发和测试。＊＊＊

0929312GuggenheimThis award provides funding of $85,141 over 12 months to develop a high pressure cell which will allow real-time XRD studies simulating the environment of the ocean floor. The chamber will allow high temperature (200 °C) operation simulating hydrothermal regions. The cell will thus allow analyzing the effects of vent gases such as methane, carbon dioxide, and oxygen on mineral dynamics and solid phases in suspension will also be able to be analyzed. The cell will have injection and extraction valves so that samples can be manipulation and temporally sub-sampled. A mixing pump will be fitted in-line to keep suspensions mixed and solutes in equilibrium. The specialized cell will allow studying mineral interactions at temperatures and pressures previously unobtainable. Targeted environments will be black- and white-smoker hydrothermal systems and methane-bearing benthic systems. The cell will be critical for understanding authigenic mineral formation, especially dolomite. Other research foci include clay mineralogy and biologically-enhanced illitization. In other clay mineralogy studies, the cell will be used to assay the function of salinity, temperature and pressure on biological material-clay interactions. Salinity, temperature and pressure effects will also be assayed in relation to sedimentation, methane and carbon dioxide content and sequestration, and mineral-brine interactions. The cell will also be used better understand continentally-derived material alteration in marine sedimentary basins. The new system will be critical for studying deep-ocean biogeochemistry and will help provide an experimental platform for studying hydrothermal and basin systems. A graduate and undergraduate student will be supported from this award. Student focus will be on instrument development and testing. ***