Effects of Cloud and Radiation Processes on the Global Water and Energy Cycle

云、辐射和降水过程是全球水和能量循环的关键组成部分，并在广泛的时间和空间尺度上发挥作用。对这些过程的描述不准确，对水和能量循环的认识不足，一直是大多数大气环流模式（GCM）存在的问题。该项目旨在研究云、辐射和降水过程在改进的全球水和能量循环气候模拟中的作用。研究人员将（a）根据温度、水汽、云量、液态水和冰水、辐射通量、降水和地面蒸发的日和季节方面的观测，评估模拟的动力学和热力学场，（B）检查修订的对流闭合假设、触发机制、对流动量输送和次网格云分布对气候平均状态和变率模拟的影响，和（c）评估厄尔尼诺和拉尼娜事件期间的水汽收支和大气层顶以及地表能量收支，并与正常气候条件下的情况进行比较，这项工作的更广泛影响是教育性的，有助于提高对气候系统中水和能量循环的物理过程的认识，以及在大气环流模式中对云和辐射过程的表述，这将提高GCM气候预测和气候变化预测的可信度，从而造福社会。

Cloud, radiation and precipitation processes are key components of the global water and energy cycle and operate on a wide range of time and space scales. Uncertainties in representing these processes and inadequate understanding of water and energy cycle have been long standing problems for most general circulation models (GCMs). This project aims to investigate the role of cloud, radiation and precipitation processes in the improved climate simulations of global water and energy cycle. The investigator will (a) evaluate modeled dynamic and thermodynamic fields against observations in diurnal and seasonal aspects of temperature, water vapor, cloud amount, liquid and ice water, radiative fluxes, precipitation and surface evaporation, (b) examine the impacts of revised convection closure assumption, triggering mechanism, convective momentum transport and subgrid cloud distribution on the simulations of climate mean state and variability, and (c) assess the water vapor budget and the top of the atmosphere and surface energy budgets during the El Niño and La Niña events in comparison with those under the normal climate conditions.Broader impacts of this work are educational and in improving understanding of physical processes for water and energy cycle in the climate system and representations of cloud and radiation processes in GCMs, which will enhance the credibility of climate prediction and climate change projections made by GCMs and thus benefit society.