Collaborative Research: EAGER: Novel Theoretical Foundation for Wireless Positioning in Challenging Environments

用于移动的设备的定位技术在许多社会、工业和军事活动中起着关键作用。在当前的全球定位系统（GPS）中，三角测量和/或三边测量计算方法占主导地位，其中必须求解从四个或更多个卫星信号获得的四个或更多个二次方程的系统。然而，该系统在具有挑战性的环境中无法工作，例如卫星信号被摩天大楼阻挡的市中心地区。这项工作是开发、分析和评估计算方法，以提高当前全球定位系统的定位精度和时间效率。本项目中提出的线性化方法是独特的，因为它为GPS计算单元中的二次方程提供了封闭形式的解。通过灵敏度分析，识别定位误差源。这样，GPS的性能就可以得到显著提高。此外，由于定位过程中的漏洞被识别，这项工作也是解决安全/隐私相关问题的有用工具。这项工作适用于其他无线环境，并可以与其他无线技术，如WiFi和无线传感器网络（WSNs）。初步仿真结果表明，所提出的计算方法的性能提高了30%的准确性和50%的执行时间复杂度。该项目开发的基本框架和强大的定位技术将对高科技产业产生广泛的影响。变革性的研究将导致新一代实用定位系统的开发和部署，这些系统可以在各种具有挑战性的环境中有效地工作。该项目的影响还通过出版物和专门网站扩展到学术界和教育界。

Positioning techniques for mobile devices play critical roles in many societal, industrial, and military activities. In current Global Positioning System (GPS), the triangulation and/or trilateration calculation approach dominates, where a system of four or more quadratic equations must be solved, obtained from four or more satellite signals. However, this system does not work in challenging environments such as downtown areas where satellite signals are blocked by skyscrapers. This work is to develop, analyze and evaluate computational methods that can improve the current GPS in terms of positioning accuracy and time efficiency. The proposed linearization approach in this project is unique in that it provides a closed form solution for quadratic equations in the calculation unit of GPS. The sensitivity analysis is derived to identify positioning error sources. The performance of GPS can then be significantly improved. Additionally, since the vulnerabilities in the positioning procedure are identified, this work is also a useful tool for solving security/privacy related issues. This work is applicable to other wireless environments and can be incorporated with other wireless techniques, such as WiFi and wireless sensor networks (WSNs). Preliminary simulation results show that the performance of the proposed calculation method increases by 30% in terms of accuracy and 50% in terms of execution time complexity. The fundamental framework and robust positioning techniques developed from this project will have broad impacts on high-tech industries. The transformative research will lead to the development and deployment of a new generation of practical positioning systems that can work effectively and efficiently in various challenging environments. The impact of this project also extends to academia and education through publications and dedicated websites.