CAREER: Soot Oxidation in Hydrocarbon-Free Flames

[0954441]桑德兰知识分子的价值这个项目是对火焰中煤烟氧化的研究，对更清洁的环境感兴趣。由于与呼吸系统疾病和癌症有关，环境烟尘造成的死亡人数比其他任何污染物都多。它还对气候变化起着重要作用。不必要的火灾中的煤烟增加了辐射，火灾蔓延速度和一氧化碳排放。具有讽刺意味的是，在许多过程中都需要煤烟；例如，煤烟是蜡烛火焰呈现黄色的原因，它被加工成大多数打印机中使用的碳粉。煤烟仍然是燃烧中最不为人所知的对象之一。在了解烟尘氧化过程方面存在特别大的差距。主要的烟尘数值模型使用不同的烟尘氧化子模型。这些子模型是基于具有显著不确定性的实验。这些子模型的不准确性不仅阻碍了对煤烟进行数值模拟的能力，而且也阻碍了对火焰中煤烟形成过程的理解。本研究将开发一种新的双火焰体系，具有建立煤烟氧化反应机理的前所未有的能力。提出了一系列广泛的先进诊断方法。该系统将是第一个允许碳氢化合物扩散火焰中成熟或早期烟尘在H2或CO扩散火焰中氧化的系统。控制现有物种的能力，加上要考虑的条件范围的扩大，对发展准确和稳健的煤烟氧化率表达有很大的希望。如果这一承诺得以实现，由此产生的数值烟尘模型的改进以及对烟尘形成和氧化过程的理解应该是实质性的。更广泛的影响该研究将促进对火焰中烟灰氧化、形成和排放的理解。这将提高烟尘动力学数值模型的精度。人们希望它对环境有显著的好处。这个项目将对教育产生若干影响。研究生和本科生将进行大部分的研究。研究成果将整合到PI教授的两门燃烧课程中。PI将与马里兰大学（University of Maryland）的两个组织——工科女性项目（Women in Engineering Program）和少数族裔科学与工程中心（Center for minority in Science and Engineering）合作，培养女性和少数族裔中学生对科学与工程的兴趣。PI将为中学生开发一个与拟议研究直接相关的为期一天的火焰实验室。

0954441SunderlandIntellectual MeritThis project is a study of soot oxidation in flames with an interest in a cleaner environment. Environmental soot kills more people than any other pollutant owing to its association with respiratory illness and cancer. It also contributes significantly to climate change. Soot in unwanted fires increases radiation, fire spread rates, and carbon monoxide emissions. Ironically, soot is desired in many processes; for example soot is responsible for the yellow color of candle flames and it is processed into the toner used in most printers.Soot remains one of the least understood subjects in combustion. There are particularly large gaps in understanding soot oxidation processes. The leading numerical models of soot use disparate soot oxidation submodels. These submodels are based on experiments with significant uncertainties. Inaccuracies in these submodels are impeding not only the ability to model soot numerically, but also the understanding of soot formation processes in flames.This research will develop a new double flame system with an unprecedented ability to establish soot oxidation reaction mechanisms. A broad array of advanced diagnostics is proposed. The system will be the first to allow mature or early soot from hydrocarbon diffusion flames to be oxidized in H2 or CO diffusion flames. The ability to control the species present, plus the expansive range of conditions to be considered, hold great promise for developing accurate and robust expressions of soot oxidation rates. If this promise is realized, the resulting improvements in numerical soot models and understanding of soot formation and oxidation processes should be substantial.Broader ImpactThe research should advance the understanding of soot oxidation, formation, and emissions from flames. It should improve the accuracy of numerical models of soot kinetics. It is hoped that it will significantly benefit the environment. This project will have several educational impacts. Graduate students and undergraduates will conduct much of the research. The research results will be integrated into two combustion courses taught by the PI. The PI will team with two organizations at the University of Maryland, the Women in Engineering Program and the Center for Minorities in Science and Engineering to foster interest in science and engineering among female and minority secondary school students. The PI will develop a day-long flame laboratory for secondary school students that is directly related to the proposed research.