RI: Medium: Collaborative Research: Creating Organizationally Adept Software Agents and their Organizations

这个项目的中心是设计、开发和评估计算表示和算法，以使软件代理在组织上变得熟练。善于组织的代理不仅知道自己在组织中的角色(S)，而且还可以监控自己履行组织责任的情况，并可以主动调整自己的行为，以更好地满足组织需求。在组织上，熟练的代理不是基于他们(以代理为中心)的自我利益来评估他们的行为，而是基于他们(以组织为中心)对彼此的责任来评估他们的行为，并自主地适应以紧急地实现组织目标。由组织上熟练的代理人进行细化和调整意味着最终的组织设计是由自上而下的设计(产生一个“大致”的组织)和紧急改进过程相结合而形成的。此外，这种组合可以是迭代的和持续的，其中组织上熟练的代理可以检测自上而下和紧急影响之间的紧张关系，并向设计过程提供运行时交互模式和环境趋势的信息，这些模式和环境趋势建议有用的自上而下的组织重组。在扩展多智能体系统以帮助解决复杂的、长期的全球问题时，所追求的智力问题是实际问题的核心。社会面临的许多重大挑战，包括气候变化、医疗保健和可持续能源|需要长期致力于监测和管理分散的活动。由软件代理组成的联网计算机系统可以不断地测量、比较和解释信息，以理解和响应大范围的现象，有望解决这些挑战，但需要本项目中提出的各种创新。其次，虽然该项目专门关注组织中的计算代理，但我们的结果将为人类组织的研究提供信息，并得到信息。为了促进分享见解和结果，调查人员将组织一次关于以组织为中心的推理的多学科研讨会，并将培训一批跨学科的研究生。

The centerpiece of this project is the design, development, and evaluation of computational representations and algorithms for making software agents that are organizationally adept. An organizationally-adept agent is not only aware of its role(s) in an organization, but can also monitor how well it is fulfilling its organizational responsibilities and can proactively adapt its behaviors to meet organizational needs better. Organizationally adept agents evaluate their behaviors based not on their (agent-centric) self-interests but rather on their (organization-centric) responsibilities to each other, and autonomously adapt to achieve organizational objectives emergently. Elaboration and adaptation by organizationally adept agents means that the ultimate organization design is formed by a combination of top-down design (to produce a "ballpark" organization) and emergent refinement processes. Further, this combination can be iterative and ongoing, where organizationally adept agents can detect tension between top-down and emergent influences, and inform the design processes of runtime interaction patterns and environmental tendencies that suggest useful top-down organization restructurings. The intellectual problems being pursued are central to practical issues in scaling multi-agent systems to help solve complex, long-term, global problems. Many critical challenges facing society including climate change, health care, and sustainable energy|require a prolonged commitment to monitoring and managing distributed activities. Networked computer systems populated by software agents, which can be constantly measuring, comparing, and interpreting information to understand and respond to wide-scale phenomena, promise to address such challenges, but need the kinds of innovations proposed in this project. Second, while the project is specifically looking at organizations for computational agents, our results will inform, and be informed by, research on human organizations. To stimulate sharing insights and results, the investigators will organize a multi-disciplinary symposium on organization-centric reasoning, and will train an inter-disciplinary cohort of graduate students.