ESE: Spatial Interactive Optimization for Restoration of Upland Storage in Watersheds: Community Participation in the Design of Distributed Practices and Alternatives

提案标题：ESE：流域高地蓄水恢复的空间交互优化：社区参与分布式实践和替代方案的设计主要负责人：Meghna Babbar-Sebens博士，印第安纳州普渡大学印第安纳波利斯地球科学系助理教授。共同主要负责人：Snehasis Mukhopadhyay博士，计算机和信息科学系副教授，印第安纳州普渡大学印第安纳波利斯分校Edna Loehman博士，普渡大学农业经济系名誉教授。摘要由于人类活动-如森林砍伐、人工农业排水系统、城市化，和住宅开发导致多种生态系统服务（如洪水衰减和水质控制）的丧失，而这些服务以前是由河流流域和集水区的各种景观特征自然提供的。有人提议对退化流域的水文循环进行重新自然化，以用高地储存来取代洪泛区损失的储存。 与此同时，美国农业部自然资源保护局推荐的农艺措施可以改善水质和栖息地。本研究的重点是设计一个分布式的高地存储系统，与设计涉及的网站，规模，结构变化和农业景观在退化流域的农艺措施的选择。我们将使用鹰溪流域（HUC 11流域）的发展和设计方法的示范。 由于有大量的替代地点、规模和缓解方法，而且由于选择地点和方法有多种标准，因此设计很复杂。 选择的量化标准包括下游洪水量，缓解成本，栖息地的损失等。在任何决策问题中，也有不可量化的标准，如不便和生产力损失和私人土地所有者的控制。 由于高地的重新归化必须在私人土地上进行，因此必须就任何缓解措施达成自愿协议。为了解决土地持有者的复杂性和可接受性，我们的研究将整合计算工具（GIS，模拟，优化算法等）。在社区参与下制定量化标准，以解决未量化的标准。具体目标是：1）为利益相关者制定一个模拟-可视化框架，以评估气候变化条件下的缓解替代方案。2)开发和研究互动的、多目标的和随机的优化方法，以包括单个和多个利益相关者的参与，从而产生反映非定量和本地标准的首选替代方案。3)通过利益相关者评估，比较交互式方法与非交互式优化的有效性。虽然我们证明了鹰溪流域，IN的方法的有用性，它可以，但是，适用于许多其他领域和问题。

PROPOSAL TITLE: ESE: Spatial Interactive Optimization for Restoration of Upland Storage in Watersheds: Community Participation in the Design of Distributed Practices and AlternativesPRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR: Dr. Meghna Babbar-Sebens, Assistant Professor, Department of Earth Sciences, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis.CO-PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR: Dr. Snehasis Mukhopadhyay, Associate Professor, Department of Computer and Information Science, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis.COLLABORATOR: Dr. Edna Loehman, Emeritus Professor, Department of Agricultural Economics, Purdue University.AbstractThe alteration of the natural hydrologic cycle due to human activities -- such as deforestation, artificial agricultural drainage systems, urbanization, and residential development has resulted in loss of multiple ecosystem services (e.g. flood attenuation and water quality control) that were previously provided naturally by various landscape features in river basins and watersheds. Re-naturalization of the hydrologic cycle in degraded watersheds has been proposed to replace lost storage on floodplains with upland storage. At the same time, agronomic practices recommended by USDA's Natural Resources Conservation Service can improve water quality and habitat. This research focuses on the design of a distributed upland storage system, with design involving the selection of sites, scales, structural changes, and agronomic practices for agricultural landscapes in a degraded watershed. We will use the Eagle Creek Watershed (HUC 11 watershed) for development and demonstration of design methods. Because there are a large number of alternative sites, scales, and mitigation methods, and because there are multiple criteria for selection of locations and methods, design is complex. Quantifiable criteria for selection include downstream flood volume, cost of mitigation, loss of habitat, etc. As in any decision problem, there are also unquantifiable criteria such as inconvenience and loss of productivity and control for private land holders. Because upland re-naturalization must occur on private land, there must be voluntary agreement for any mitigation measures. To address both complexity and acceptability to land holders, our research will integrate computational tools (GIS, simulation, optimization algorithms, etc.) for quantified criteria with community participation to address un-quantified criteria. Specific objectives are: 1) Develop a simulation-visualization framework for stakeholders to assess mitigation alternatives under conditions of climate change. 2) Develop and investigate interactive, multi-objective, and stochastic optimization approaches for including single and multiple stakeholders' participation to generate preferred alternatives that reflect non-quantitative and local criteria. 3) Compare efficacy of the interactive approach with non-interactive optimization through stakeholder assessment. Though we demonstrate the usefulness of the approach for Eagle Creek Watershed, IN, it can, however, be applicable to many other areas and problems.