Doctoral Dissertation Research: Violence, Social Protests, and Policing Styles in the United States

项目负责人：John RyanPI: Dale W. wimberley合作负责人：Thomas N. ratliff机构：弗吉尼亚理工学院和州立大学本项目测试了抗议事件分析的主要方法，提出了一个综合模型，确定了1989-2009年美国暴力抗议活动的条件。它解决了以下问题：警察倾向于使用什么策略来对付某些形式的抗议？示威者的什么表现和警察的什么风格倾向于暴力冲突？某些社会运动是否不成比例地遭遇暴力镇压？反制动作和反制动作是如何反制的？抗议活动中的表演助长了暴力？将从人口普查数据、城市和县数据手册、司法部和美国四大报纸中收集有关抗议事件和执法特征的数据。更广泛的影响：这个项目将告知活动人士表达不同意见的策略，同时避免造成暴力风险的重大对抗。本研究还探讨了某些警务风格如何影响抗议活动中的暴力程度，从而为警察提供了如何在抗议活动中避免暴力对抗的见解。

SES-1030291PI: John RyanPI: Dale W. WimberleyCo-PI: Thomas N. RatliffInstitution: Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State UniversityThis project tests dominant approaches to protest event analysis, presenting an integrated model identifying the conditions for violent protests in the U.S. from 1989-2009. It addresses the following questions: What tactics do police tend to use against certain forms of protest? What protester performances and policing styles tend to intersect violently? Do certain social movements disproportionately encounter violent repression? How do countermovements and their ?counter? performances at protest events contribute to violence? Data will be collected on protest events and law enforcement characteristics from Census Data, City and County Data Books, the Department of Justice, and four major U.S. newspapers. Broader Impacts:This project will inform activists about strategies for expressing dissent while avoiding significant confrontations that pose the risk of becoming violent. This research also addresses how certain policing styles may influence levels of violence at protests, thereby providing insights for police on how to avoid violent confrontations at protest events.