Doctoral Dissertation Research: Violence and Educational Outcomes

西北大学邻里暴力如何影响青少年的教育成果？这篇论文将研究受害和暴露于社区暴力如何与GPA（平均成绩）出勤记录、社会网络构成、社区组织参与和对学校教育的态度在芝加哥一个以墨西哥移民为主的社区中的高中生中相关。在对社区组织、青年和社区两大帮派进行了两年的人种学研究的基础上，共同调查小组将对社区青年进行家庭调查。总共将对该社区60个街区内的540户家庭进行随机抽样调查：两个帮派区域内的40个街区（每个街区20个）和距离两个帮派区域的街道最近的20个街区。虽然以前的研究已经证明了暴力是如何解释不同社区之间青少年结果的差异的，但人们普遍认为，青少年结果的大部分差异存在于社区内部。这种混合方法的邻里案例研究将有助于我们理解暴力作为邻里效应的机制，以及微观和宏观过程之间联系的社会学理论。旨在遏制邻里暴力的政策通常包括加强监视和安全，以及通过各种形式的规划在学校进行干预。通过研究邻里暴力如何与青少年的教育成果相关联，本研究可能会鼓励教育政策制定者将邻里暴力预防作为学校改革的一个要素。这项研究也可能引起人们对具有大量无证人口的移民社区的邻里暴力和警务影响的关注。虽然总体而言，移民社区的暴力和犯罪水平较低，但对于无证人口的社区来说，这些数字可能被低估了。这篇论文可能会阐明暴力如何对无证青少年或有无证家庭成员的青少年产生独特的后果。

SES-1030978 Jeremy Freese Robert VargasNorthwestern University How does neighborhood violence impact the educational outcomes of youth? This dissertation will examine how victimization and exposure to neighborhood violence is associated with the GPA (grade point average) attendance record, social network composition, participation in community organizations, and attitudes toward schooling among high school students in a pre-dominantly Mexican immigrant neighborhood in Chicago. Building upon two years of ethnographic research with community organizations, youth, and the two major gangs in the neighborhood, the co-PI will conduct a household survey of neighborhood youth. In total, a random sample of a total of 540 households within 60 blocks in the neighborhood will be surveyed: 40 blocks within the two gang territories (20 in each), and 20 blocks nearest to the street that divides the two gang territories. While previous research has documented how violence can explain variation in adolescent outcomes between neighborhoods, it is widely acknowledged that most variation in adolescent outcomes lies within neighborhoods. This mixed method neighborhood case study will contribute to our understanding of violence as a mechanism of neighborhood effects, as well as sociological theories on the connection between micro and macro processes. Policies aimed at curbing neighborhood violence typically involve increased surveillance and security, as well as interventions at school through various forms of programming. By studying how neighborhood violence is associated with the educational outcomes of youth, this study might encourage education policymakers to focus on neighborhood violence prevention as an element of school reform. This research may also bring attention to the impact of neighborhood violence and policing in immigrant communities with large undocumented populations. While, generally, immigrant communities have been shown to have low levels of violence and crime, these numbers may be underestimated for communities with undocumented populations. This dissertation may shed light on how violence has a unique consequence for undocumented adolescents or adolescents with undocumented family members.