SCIART: Bioanalytical Technology for Art: Immunological Techniques for the Identification of Proteins and Polysaccharides in Art, Archaeological and Ethnographic Objects

在化学测量和成像项目的支持下，纽约大都会博物馆艺术博物馆的Julie Arslanoglu和哥伦比亚大学的John Loike寻求开发和改进酶联免疫吸附测定（ELISA）等方法，用于检测、鉴定和定位艺术品中的蛋白质和树胶。（存在于油漆、涂料和粘合剂中）将提高对知情处理、保存和认证所必需的理解。开发的方法将提高识别的特异性，例如，能够区分使用全蛋或仅使用蛋白色作为镀金粘合剂，或使用鲟鱼？是胶水还是山羊？的牛奶明确作为油漆粘合剂。 平行质谱研究应该能够识别特定的目标，以改善表征，适体技术正在用于识别艺术中的有机分子。这些技术的互补性正在探索中。 最后，使用表面增强拉曼（Sers）标记的抗体来表征横截面中油漆或涂层中蛋白质和多糖的定位。这将大大提高知识的艺术家？除了对文物的保护和鉴定有重要的见解外，这些研究中开发的方法还应有助于受类似限制（低浓度的高度降解的有机材料与干扰的无机离子）影响的其他领域，如环境监测或法医分析。这项研究需要对对文化遗产保护科学感兴趣的学生和博士后进行教学和培训。研究结果将通过网站、博物馆展示以及学术会议和出版物向公众广泛传播。

With support from the Chemical Measurement and Imaging program, Julie Arslanoglu of New York's Metropolitan Museum, of Art and John Loike of Columbia University seek to develop and improve methodologies such as enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for the detection, identification, and localization of proteins and gums in art. Identification of these diverse biological materials (found in paints, coatings, and adhesives) will improve understanding essential for informed treatment, preservation, and authentication. The approaches developed will improve specificity in identification, enabling for example distinction between use of whole egg or only egg white as a gilding adhesive, or the use of sturgeon?s glue or goat?s milk explicitly as a paint binder. Parallel mass spectrometric studies should enable identification of specific targets for improved characterization, and aptamer technology is being used to identify organic molecules in art. The complementary nature of these techniques is being explored. Finally, the localization of proteins and polysaccharide in paint or coating layers in cross-sections is being characterized using Surface Enhanced Raman (SERS)-labeled antibodies. This will greatly enhance knowledge of an artist?s technique as well as conservation treatment.In addition to important insights into the preservation and authentication of cultural heritage objects, methods developed in these studies should contribute to other fields affected by similar limitations (low concentration of highly degraded organic materials with interfering inorganic ions), such as environmental monitoring or forensic analysis. The research entails teaching and training of students and postdocs interested in the science of preservation of cultural heritage. Results will be widely disseminated to the general public through websites and presentations in the museum setting, as well as scholarly conferences and publications.