Collaborative Research: Isotopic and Compositional Investigation of the Sources and Interactions of Reactive Nitrogen in the Marine Atmosphere at Bermuda

该项目旨在描述北大西洋雨水和气溶胶中氮(N)物种的来源、组成和相互关系。将利用百慕大岛进行采样，因为它位于北大西洋西部，历史上曾是海洋大气研究的关键采样地点，而且运输的季节性变化允许研究人为影响和主要受海洋影响的气团。这个项目的智力价值包括对海洋大气中无机和有机氮的来源和组成的基本理解的贡献。这项工作的结果也将对诊断有多少新的、生物可利用的氮正在进入海洋生物地球化学系统产生影响。今天的估计表明，大气沉积约占海洋外部氮供应的三分之一。然而，向海洋的沉积通量通常被简单地解释为N输入，而最近的工作表明，海洋可能影响甚至促成上覆大气中发现的反应性N循环。这项工作旨在澄清自然和人为影响的大气N循环及其与海洋的联系。更广泛的影响包括在课堂、实验室和实地对本科生进行教育和培训；研究生水平研究技术人员的培训和职业发展；博士后研究人员的教育、培训和发展；对早期职业科学家研究项目发展的贡献；以及在科学界以及更广泛的受众中传播结果。这项工作将是高度协作和跨学科的，涉及布朗大学、普林斯顿大学和百慕大海洋科学研究所的小组。作为普林斯顿大学bios暑期实习项目的一部分，一名普林斯顿大学本科生将参加实地和实验室工作。一名研究技术人员将致力于该项目，并在BIOS工作18个月。一名博士后学者将在这三个合作机构度过一段时间，并将协调本科生和布朗大学研究生的研究。研究结果将在科学会议上和通过同行评议的出版物传播。这项研究及其影响将通过三个具体的努力与更广泛的受众分享：在百慕大的公开讲座，作为布朗大学国家科学基金会支持的K-12项目的一部分，向K-12教师做报告，以及开发一个模块，作为布朗大学本科生环境研究课程的一部分，题为“环境问题的分析和解决”。

This project is designed to characterize the sources, composition, and interrelationships among nitrogen (N) species in rainwater and aerosols deposited into the North Atlantic Ocean. The island of Bermuda will be used for sampling due to its location in the western North Atlantic, its history as a key sampling location for studies of the marine atmosphere, and the fact that seasonal changes in transport allow for study of both anthropogenically and primarily marine influenced air masses. The intellectual merit of this project includes contribution to a fundamental understanding of the sources and composition of inorganic and organic N in the marine atmosphere. Results from this work will also have implications for diagnosing how much new, bioavailable N is entering the marine biogeochemical system. Estimates today suggest that atmospheric deposition can account for approximately a third of the ocean's external N supply. However, deposition fluxes to the ocean have typically been interpreted simply as N inputs, whereas recent work suggests that the ocean may influence and even contribute to the reactive N cycle found in the overlying atmosphere. This work aims to clarify both the natural and human-impacted atmospheric N cycle and its links to the ocean.Broader impacts include the education and training of undergraduates in the classroom, laboratory and field; training and career development of a graduate level research technician; the education, training and development of a post-doctoral researcher; contribution to the development of the research program of an early career scientist; and dissemination of results within the scientific community, as well as to a broader audience. The work will be highly collaborative and interdisciplinary, involving groups at Brown University, Princeton University and the Bermuda Institute for Ocean Sciences (BIOS). A Princeton undergraduate will participate in field and laboratory work, as part of the Princeton-BIOS summer internship program. A research technician will be dedicated to the project and based at BIOS for 18 months. A post-doctoral scholar will spend time at all three collaborating institutions and will coordinate the research of the undergraduate and a Brown graduate student. The results of the research will be disseminated at scientific conferences and through peer-reviewed publications. This research and its implications will be shared with a broader audience through three specific efforts: a public lecture in Bermuda, a presentation to K-12 teachers as part of Brown's NSF supported GK-12 program, and development of a module to be taught as part of an undergraduate environmental studies course at Brown entitled "Analysis and Resolution of Environmental Problems."