CAREER: Understanding CO2-Fluid-Mineral Interfacial Reactions for Sustainable Geologic CO2 Sequestration: An Integrated Research and Education Plan

CO2地质封存被认为是最有效和最有前途的减缓人为CO2增加的策略之一。拟议的研究将提供基础，了解长期可持续性的地质二氧化碳封存战略，重点是纳米界面地球化学过程。流体-矿物界面的纳米级反应强烈影响重要环境过程的机制和动力学，这些反应在理解GCS系统的过程中也是至关重要的。拟议的研究计划将为解决不同尺度（从纳米尺度到宏观尺度）数据之间的反应动力学差异以及地质CO2注入系统中实验室和现场数据之间的差异提供基础。拟议的研究将侧重于获取新的和更准确的信息，反应途径和速率，包括识别关键的纳米尺度-中尺度过程以前没有检测到，使用一系列方法匹配的反应空间在多孔介质中的规模：补充水生地球化学;独特的和强大的工具，在原位时间分辨同步加速器为基础的X射线技术和原位流通原子力显微镜。虽然目前已有一些数据，但尚未将地质CO2注入系统的不同规模数据联系起来。可以理解的是，这给政策制定者、工程师和当地居民带来了困惑，他们正在开发、工作或生活在二氧化碳封存地点附近。在建立不同尺度之间的联系时，研究人员将进行反应性运输建模，该建模将结合来自多个尺度的联合收割机实验和计算模拟数据。此外，通过识别促进CO2储存中自我裂缝填充的地球化学反应，拟议的工作将帮助我们设计新的，安全的和可持续的CO2封存。这些发现还将提高学术界和公众对气候变化和地质二氧化碳封存的理解。整合招聘，培训和推广计划，研究和教育计划将覆盖不同的受众，并扩大在环境科学和工程中代表性不足的少数群体的参与。该项目扩大了研究和教育的基础设施，通过开发，与K-12教师合作，研究为基础的教育工具包？借阅图书馆？以及专门针对当地K-12学校的能源和环境问题的相关教学模块。它鼓励高中生和本科生直接参与。该项目将通过华盛顿大学麦克唐奈学院全球能源和环境伙伴关系（MAGEEP）开展国际合作研究活动，从而加强研究生教育。最后，它将开展外联活动，以提高公众对能源-环境关系和温室气体减排战略的认识，包括与华盛顿大学合作举办公开讲座和实际演示。泰森生活学习中心。

Geologic CO2 sequestration (GCS) is considered one of the most effective and promising mitigation strategies for increasing anthropogenic CO2. The proposed research will provide the underpinnings for understanding long-term sustainability of geologic CO2 sequestration strategies with a focus on nanoscale interfacial geochemical processes. Nanoscale reactions at fluid-mineral interfaces strongly influence the mechanisms and kinetics of important environmental processes, and these reactions can also be crucial in understanding processes in GCS systems. The proposed research plan will provide the basis for resolving discrepancies in reaction kinetics among data of different scales (from nanoscale to macroscale), and among laboratory and field site data in geologic CO2 injection systems. The proposed research will focus on acquiring new and more accurate information on reaction pathways and rates, including identification of critical nanoscale-mesoscale processes not previously detected, using a range of methods matched to the scale of reaction space in porous media: complementary aquatic geochemistry; the unique and powerful tools of in situ time-resolved synchrotron-based x-ray techniques and in situ flow-through atomic force microscopy. Although currently some data are available, the different scales of data for geologic CO2 injection systems have not been linked. Understandably, this creates confusion for policy makers, engineers, and local populations developing, working on, or living near CO2 sequestration sites. In establishing linkages between different scales, investigator will perform reactive transport modeling which will combine experimental and computationally-simulated data from multiple scales. Furthermore, by identifying geochemical reactions that facilitate self-fracture filling in CO2 storage, the proposed work will help us design new, secure, and sustainable CO2 sequestration. The findings will also improve academic and public understanding of climate change and geologic CO2 sequestration.Integrating recruiting, training, and outreach programs, the research and education plans will reach a diverse audience and broaden the participation of underrepresented minority groups in environmental science and engineering. The project expands the infrastructure for research and education by developing, in collaboration with K-12 teachers, research-based educational kits for a ?lending library? and related teaching modules devoted to energy and environmental issues for local K-12 schools. It encourages direct involvement of high school and undergraduate students. The project will enhance graduate education by including international collaborative research activities through the McDonnell Academy Global Energy and Environment Partnership (MAGEEP) at Washington University. Finally, it will conduct outreach activities to increase public awareness of the energy-environment nexus and greenhouse mitigation strategies, including public lectures and hands-on demonstrations in collaboration with Washington University?s Tyson Living Learning Center.