SusChEM: Photothermally-Enabled Multifunctional Membranes for Improved Foulant Resistance during Reverse Osmosis

SusChEM：光热多功能膜可提高反渗透过程中的防垢能力

• 批准号: 1604542
• 负责人: Young-Shin Jun
• 金额: $ 32.68万
• 依托单位: Washington University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2016-08-01 至 2020-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1604542&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: SusChEM; Photothermally; Enabled; Multifunctional; Membranes

1604542JunFresh water demands of growing populations are driving the search for advanced membrane technologies for desalination and water reuse projects. The longevity of these membranes is strongly related to their resistance to fouling. In this work, the PIs will develop two new multifunctional membranes which have the potential to minimize fouling and, therefore, extend the lifetime of the membranes.The proposed photothermally-active nanostructure-enabled reverse osmosis membranes are highly innovative, potentially transformative, and, quite promising for water treatment. For the first time, gold (Au) nanostars- and chemically exfoliated-MoS2-enabled photothermally-active membranes will be tested for their bactericidal efficacy as well as their inorganic and organic fouling resistance. In particular, this work investigates the unexplored potential of inexpensive and earth-abundant MoS2 as a replacement for expensive materials to achieve water sustainability. Because chemically exfoliated-MoS2 is a highly promising 2D optical and electronic material, new information about water chemically exfoliated-MoS2 interfacial reactions will also help design safer and more sustainable nanomaterials. Furthermore, the proposed research will elucidate scientific principles underlying the in situ nucleation and growth of gold (Au) nanostars and their photothermal effects on membranes. It will define the substrates and nanostructures surface chemistry (i.e., their chemical nature, surface charge, hydrophilicity, and morphology) in highly saline solutions. These lessons can also advance our understanding of the complex fouling behavior of other membrane systems. In addition, the wide array of nanoscale characterization techniques for nanostructures in solution and on substrate surfaces can lead to novel synthetic routes for size- and shape-controlled nanomaterials. Creating unique nanostructures that can be light-activated to maximize bactericidal functionality is an innovative and transformative approach towards addressing a major global challenge. The proposed teaching and outreach plan will provide educational and research opportunities for middle school, undergraduate, and graduate students.

1604542年6月不断增长的人口对淡水的需求推动了对用于海水淡化和水再利用项目的先进膜技术的研究。这些膜的寿命与其抗污染性密切相关。在这项工作中，PI将开发两种新的多功能膜，这些膜具有最大限度地减少污染的潜力，因此，延长了膜的使用寿命。所提出的光热活性纳米结构反渗透膜具有高度创新性，具有潜在的变革性，并且在水处理方面非常有前途。第一次，金（Au）nanostars-和化学剥离-二硫化钼启用光热活性膜将测试其杀菌功效以及其无机和有机污垢阻力。特别是，这项工作调查了廉价和地球丰富的二硫化钼作为昂贵材料的替代品，以实现水的可持续性的未开发潜力。由于化学剥离MoS2是一种非常有前途的2D光学和电子材料，有关水化学剥离MoS2界面反应的新信息也将有助于设计更安全，更可持续的纳米材料。此外，拟议的研究将阐明的科学原理的金（Au）纳米星的原位成核和生长及其光热效应的膜。它将定义衬底和纳米结构表面化学（即，它们的化学性质、表面电荷、亲水性和形态）。这些经验也可以促进我们对其他膜系统复杂污染行为的理解。此外，在溶液中和基板表面的纳米结构的纳米表征技术的广泛阵列可以导致新的合成路线的大小和形状控制的纳米材料。创造独特的纳米结构，可以被光激活，以最大限度地提高杀菌功能，是一种创新和变革的方法，以应对一个重大的全球挑战。拟议的教学和推广计划将为中学，本科和研究生提供教育和研究机会。