Dissertation Research: Sanctuary-Power: Tzeltal-Maya Civic Engagement and Sanctuary City Governance in San Francisco, California

博士生彼得·曼奇纳(范德比尔特大学)在爱德华·费舍尔博士的指导下，将进行研究，考察市政“避难所城市”政策对非法移民公民参与和美国城市权力行使的影响。这些政策禁止市政雇员，包括警察，向居民索要移民证件，或向移民和海关执法局报告无证居民，除非他们被判犯有重罪。避难所政策旨在将非法移民纳入公共安全工作，为他们提供公共服务和公民参与场所，减少被驱逐出境的恐惧。这项研究将在加利福尼亚州旧金山进行。它将侧重于来自墨西哥恰帕斯的泽尔塔尔-玛雅移民与市政雇员和移民权利倡导者互动的经验，以确定“避难所城市”移民治理通过机构间、人际和群体间关系发挥作用的方式。通过参与者观察、社会经济调查和人种学访谈，曼奇纳将重点关注在避难所城市行使权力所依赖的四个因素：1)避难所立法，如该市监事会通过的《避难所城市条例》；2)根据避难所立法为非法移民提供服务的市政雇员政策；3)移民对市政府在居民生活中的角色的看法，以及4)移民参与劳动、政治、社会、社区和宗教组织，让市政府更多地获得权利和服务。这项研究将有助于在治理依赖于非公民参与的社会中的权力理论。这项研究的发现还将有助于在城市、州和国家各级就支持和反对避难所的移民控制做法的有效性进行辩论。资助这项研究有助于培养研究生。

Doctoral student Peter Mancina (Vanderbilt University), under the guidance of Dr. Edward Fischer, will undertake research examining the effect of municipal "sanctuary city" policies on the civic participation of undocumented migrants and the exercise of power in American cities. Such policies forbid municipal employees, including police officers, from asking residents for immigration documents or from reporting undocumented residents to Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) unless they have been convicted of a felony. Sanctuary policies have been designed to incorporate undocumented migrants into public safety efforts, to provide them with public services and venues for civic participation with less fear of deportation.The research will be carried out in San Francisco, California. It will focus on the experience of Tzeltal-Maya migrants from Chiapas, Mexico in their interactions with municipal employees and immigrant rights advocates in order to identify the manner in which "sanctuary city" immigration governance functions through interagency, interpersonal, and inter-group relations. By means of participant observation, socio-economic survey, and ethnographic interviews, Mancina will focus on four factors upon which the exercise of power in sanctuary cities depends: 1) sanctuary legislation such the "City of Refuge" ordinance, passed by the city's Board of Supervisors; 2) municipal employee policies for serving undocumented migrants in compliance with sanctuary legislation; 3) migrant conceptions of the municipal government's role in residents' lives and 4) migrant participation in labor, political, social, community, and religious organizations that engage the municipal government for increased access to rights and services.The research will contribute to theories of power in societies where governance depends upon the participation of non-citizens. Findings from the research will also contribute to debates on the effectiveness of pro- and anti-sanctuary immigration control practices at the city, state, and national levels. Funding this research contributes to the training of a graduate student.