Doctoral Dissertation Research: Status Characteristics and Differential Patterns of Trust

SES-1102946Alison BianchiCeleste Campos-Castillo爱荷华大学如何在以改善单个成员状况为目标的群体中组织信任和影响力？ 通常情况下，一个人会寻求他人的建议，以有利于他或她自己的情况：病人寻求医生的健康建议，学生参加辅导课程，以提高他们的成绩，等待审判的被告请求律师的帮助。 在这些情况下，信任提供建议的人并接受他们的影响力可能对改善结果至关重要。 这些情况可能变得复杂，因为地位和角色-身份的区别共同支配着互动过程。 地位是你在群体中的地位，基于你的相对声望。 在这种情况下，角色身份是我们对自己在群体中的地位所赋予的意义。 身份特征理论（SCT）将用于告知我们对这一特定群体设置的理解。 本博士论文的研究项目的目标是：1）提供一个测试SCT在这种设置; 2）整合到SCT相关研究的信任的出现;和3）整合到SCT的角色身份理论。 这些将通过对这一研究领域中使用的标准实验设置进行修改来实现。 更广泛的影响这个实验室实验的结果将扩展我们对SCT，角色身份和信任的理解，因为这些还没有被同时检查。 通过了解这些关系，我们可以深入了解在主要从事为他人提供专家建议的职业中，信任是如何形成的？专业人士 对专业人士的信任普遍在下降，这一趋势不仅对社会学，而且对这些专业人士的领域（例如，医学、法律、心理学、教育）。 阐明这些过程的研究最终可能会指出恢复对专业人员信任的方法，这对患者来说尤其重要，因为对医疗保健提供者的信任可能会对健康结果产生巨大影响。

SES-1102946Alison BianchiCeleste Campos-CastilloUniversity of IowaHow is trust and influence organized in groups where the goal is to improve the situation of a single member? Oftentimes an individual will seek the advice of others to benefit his or her own situation: patients seek the health advice of physicians, students attend tutoring sessions to improve their grades, and defendants waiting to stand trial request assistance from a lawyer. In these situations, trust in those providing advice and acceptance of their influence may become critical for improving outcomes. These situations can become complex with both status and role-identity distinctions jointly governing the interaction process. Status is your standing in a group, based on your relative prestige. Role-identities, in this context, are the meanings we attach to our positions in a group. Status characteristics theory (SCT) will be used to inform our understanding of this specific group setting. The goals of this doctoral dissertation research project are to: 1) provide a test of SCT in this setting; 2) integrate the emergence of trust into SCT related research; and 3) integrate role-identity theory into SCT. These will be achieved by making modifications to a standard experimental setting used in this line of research. Broader ImpactThe results of this laboratory experiment will extend our understanding of SCT, role-identities, and trust as these have not been examined concurrently. By understanding these relationships, we gain insight into how trust is shaped in occupations primarily engaged with providing expert advice to others ? professionals. Trust in professionals has generally been on the decline, a trend with important implications for not only sociology, but also the fields of these professionals (e.g., medicine, law, psychology, education). Research illuminating these processes might eventually point to ways that will restore trust in professionals, a condition particularly important for patients since trust in the medical care provider can have dramatic effects on health outcome.