Collaborative Research: TORERO - Tropical Ocean tRoposphere Exchange of Reactive Halogen Species and Oxygenated VOC

热带海洋对流层活性卤素物种交换和氧化挥发性有机化合物(Torero)实地活动将于2012年初在热带和亚热带东太平洋上空部署NSF/NCAR湾流V号研究飞机，以调查生物活跃的沿海水域和开放海洋上升区(称为氧气最少区)的活性卤素物种(RHS)的释放。观测和模拟研究证实了自由对流层(FT)中RHS和含氧挥发性有机化合物(OVOC)的全球存在，但在我们对遥远的海洋来源及其对大气化学和潜在气候的影响的理解方面仍然存在重大差距。托雷罗将调查三个假设：(1)由于深层对流输送，英国《金融时报》中的遥远海洋撞击大气成分释放出OVOC和RHS；(2)VOC前体的海洋来源，以及OVOC和卤素氧化物的丰度在具有生物活动的开放海洋区域、沿海上升流和海洋沙漠之间存在差异；以及(3)从海洋释放的反应气体通过臭氧破坏、甲烷氧化和气溶胶形成与化学和潜在的气候相关。TORERO研究将支持两名研究生和一名博士后学者，在厄瓜多尔和智利的实地考察阶段，与拉美裔文化的互动是日常工作的一部分。大学研究人员将获得一个独特的飞机设施，几个独特的仪器，以及来自联邦实验室(NCAR，NOAA)的科学家网络。托雷罗的结果将提供给科学界使用。该项目将通过增进对海洋-大气相互作用的了解，提高预测能力，更好地为气候变化做好准备，从而造福社会。

The Tropical Ocean tRoposphere Exchange of Reactive halogen species and Oxygenated VOCs (TORERO) field campaign will deploy the NSF/NCAR Gulfstream V research aircraft over the tropical and subtropical Eastern Pacific Ocean in early 2012 to investigate the release of reactive halogen species (RHS) from biologically active coastal waters and open ocean upwelling regions (termed oxygen minimum zones, OMZs). Observations and modeling studies corroborate the global presence of RHS and oxygenated volatile organic compounds (OVOC) in the free troposphere (FT), yet important gaps remain in our understanding of remote ocean sources, and the effects on atmospheric chemistry, and potentially climate. TORERO will investigate three hypotheses: (1) OVOC and RHS released from the remote ocean impact atmospheric composition in the FT as a result of deep convective transport; (2) the ocean sources of VOC precursors, and the abundance of OVOC and halogen oxide radicals varies between open ocean areas with biologic activity, coastal upwelling and the ocean deserts, and (3) reactive gases released from the ocean are relevant to chemistry and potentially climate through ozone destruction, methane oxidation, and aerosol formation.TORERO research will support two graduate students and a postdoctoral scholar in an environment where interaction with Hispanic culture is part of the daily routine during the field phase in Ecuador and Chile. University researchers will be provided with access to a unique aircraft facility, several unique instruments, and a network of scientists from federal laboratories (NCAR, NOAA). TORERO results will be made available for use by the scientific community. The project will benefit society by advancing understanding of ocean-atmosphere interactions to improve predictive capabilities and better prepare for climate change.