Collaborative Research: Toward a Circumarctic Lakes Observation Network (CALON): Multiscale Observations of Lacustrine Systems

这项研究的科学目标和方法是：(1)扩大阿拉斯加北部现有的湖泊监测点，沿着环境梯度发展一个具有区域代表性的湖泊网络，我们将从该网络收集基线数据，以评估当前的物理、化学和生物湖泊特征。这将使项目科学家能够进行空间和时间比较，以确定气温升高、云层和降水模式变化、永冻土退化以及人类对湖泊的直接影响；(2)实施多尺度(分级)湖泊测量计划，以便从51个湖泊收集基本数据，同时对部分湖泊进行更密集的测量；(3)通过校准和验证卫星图像与地面测量结果，对关键指标进行区域缩放和外推；(4)制定和实施标准化协议，以进行站点间比较，并为向泛北极网络扩展做准备。针对上述研究的更广泛影响的教育/推广目标是：(1)纳入对湖泊物理和生物特征和变化的土著观察。将开发创新的互动分享信息方法，并通过当地和地方组织提供这些方法。将为Iñupiat的学生提供监测湖泊和饮用水质量的科学和技术培训；(2)开发一个以容忍延迟网络(DTN)结构为基础的示范监测网络，并将该网络与研究中心、土著社区和其他有电力和连接困难的环境连接起来；(3)利用A-CADIS开发和完善数据管理、可视化和存档活动；(4)为几名初级调查人员提供北极科学入门知识。

The scientific goals and methods that address the intellectual merits of the research are: (1) Expand on existing lake monitoring sites in northern Alaska by developing a network of regionally representative lakes along environmental gradients from which we will collect baseline data to assess current physical, chemical, and biological lake characteristics. This will allow the project scientists to make spatial and temporal comparisons to determine the impact of warmer temperatures, changing cloud cover and precipitation patterns, permafrost degradation, and direct human impacts on lakes; (2) Implement a multiscale (hierarchical) lake instrumentation scheme such that basic data is collected from 51 lakes, while a subset of lakes are more intensively instrumented; (3) Provide regional scaling and extrapolation of key metrics through calibration and validation of satellite imagery with ground measurements; and (4) Develop and implement standardized protocols to enable inter-site comparison and to prepare for expansion towards a pan-Arctic network. The education/outreach goals that address the broader impacts of the research outlined above are: (1) Incorporate indigenous observations of lake physical and biological characteristics and changes. Innovative interactive methods of sharing information will be developed and made available through native and local organizations. Scientific and technical training will be provided to Iñupiat students for monitoring lake and drinking water quality; (2) Develop a demonstration monitoring network based on the Delay Tolerant Network (DTN) architecture and link this network to research centers, indigenous communities, and other power- and connectivity-challenged environments; (3) Develop and refine data management, visualization, and archiving activities with A-CADIS; and (4) Provide an introduction to Arctic science for several beginning investigators.