Collaborative Research: Toward a Circumarctic Lakes Observation Network (CALON)

解决本研究的知识价值的科学目标和方法是：(1)扩展阿拉斯加北部现有的湖泊监测点，沿着环境梯度发展一个区域代表性湖泊网络，从中我们将收集基线数据来评估当前的物理、化学和生物湖泊特征。这将使项目科学家能够进行空间和时间比较，以确定温度升高、云层覆盖和降水模式变化、永久冻土退化以及人类对湖泊的直接影响；(2)实施多尺度（分层）湖泊仪器方案，在51个湖泊中收集基本数据，同时对部分湖泊进行更密集的仪器测量；(3)通过卫星图像与地面测量的校准和验证，提供关键指标的区域缩放和外推；(4)制定和实施标准化协议，以便进行站点间比较，并为向泛北极网络扩展做好准备。针对上述研究的更广泛影响，教育/推广目标是：(1)结合对湖泊物理和生物特征和变化的本地观察。将通过本地和地方组织开发和提供分享信息的创新互动方法。为Iñupiat学生提供监测湖泊和饮用水水质的科学技术培训；(2)开发基于容延迟网络（DTN）架构的示范性监测网络，并将该网络连接到研究中心、土著社区和其他电力和连通性面临挑战的环境；(3)利用A-CADIS开发和完善数据管理、可视化和存档活动；(4)为一些初学的研究者提供北极科学的介绍。

The scientific goals and methods that address the intellectual merits of the research are: (1) Expand on existing lake monitoring sites in northern Alaska by developing a network of regionally representative lakes along environmental gradients from which we will collect baseline data to assess current physical, chemical, and biological lake characteristics. This will allow the project scientists to make spatial and temporal comparisons to determine the impact of warmer temperatures, changing cloud cover and precipitation patterns, permafrost degradation, and direct human impacts on lakes; (2) Implement a multiscale (hierarchical) lake instrumentation scheme such that basic data is collected from 51 lakes, while a subset of lakes are more intensively instrumented; (3) Provide regional scaling and extrapolation of key metrics through calibration and validation of satellite imagery with ground measurements; and (4) Develop and implement standardized protocols to enable inter-site comparison and to prepare for expansion towards a pan-Arctic network. The education/outreach goals that address the broader impacts of the research outlined above are: (1) Incorporate indigenous observations of lake physical and biological characteristics and changes. Innovative interactive methods of sharing information will be developed and made available through native and local organizations. Scientific and technical training will be provided to Iñupiat students for monitoring lake and drinking water quality; (2) Develop a demonstration monitoring network based on the Delay Tolerant Network (DTN) architecture and link this network to research centers, indigenous communities, and other power- and connectivity-challenged environments; (3) Develop and refine data management, visualization, and archiving activities with A-CADIS; and (4) Provide an introduction to Arctic science for several beginning investigators.