The First All-Sky Airglow Imaging Experiments Over Western Europe

这是一项旨在开发、安装和操作现代全天成像仪器的努力，用于研究意大利北部一个地点（帕多瓦大学的天文台）的气辉辐射。这样做的主要科学原理是研究稳定的极光红（SAR）弧，中尺度移动电离层扰动（MSTIDs）和中间层的重力波特征。具体来说，新的全天空相机将为SAR弧线提供第一个基于地面的多纵向覆盖。结合现有的Millstone Hill全天空相机，新相机将允许检查SAR弧的纵向变化，这对于更好地理解SAR现象及其与磁层动力学和环电流的关系至关重要。在中尺度TIDs上，新的数据集将用于探索对欧洲震源机制的影响，在欧洲，地理和地磁纬度的特征以及地磁子午线的方向与目前正在进行的研究的主要焦点北美和南美地区的特征大不相同。同样，欧洲和其他大陆之间的地形差异将表现为中间层重力波活动的纵向变化。新仪器在白云石山脉的位置将使欧洲首次研究源过程成为可能。这项研究基本上是国际性的，建立在波士顿大学和帕多瓦大学的科学家在行星大气领域长期建立的强有力的合作基础上。在波士顿和帕多瓦的一组新的学生和研究人员的参与下，这项合作将扩大到地球大气科学。一个由GPS接收器和电离层探空仪组成的密集网络，已经在成像仪跨越的视场范围内运行，将通过与佛罗伦萨（意大利）和巴斯（英国）的同事建立的合作，为研究做出贡献。这些数据将与卫星飞越一起用于多国小组的多重诊断研究。

This is an effort aimed at developing, installing, and operating a modern all-sky imaging instrument to study airglow emissions over a site in northern Italy (an astronomical observatory of the University of Padua). The primary science rationale of doing so is to study Stable Auroral Red (SAR) arcs, Medium Scale Traveling Ionospheric Disturbances (MSTIDs), and gravity-wave signatures in the mesosphere. Specifically, the new all sky camera will provide the first ground-based multi-longitudinal coverage for the SAR arc. In combination with the existing Millstone Hill all sky camera, the new camera will allow the examination of the longitudinal variations of the SAR arc, which is crucial for a better understanding of the SAR phenomenon and its relation to the dynamics of the magnetosphere and the ring current. On the medium scale TIDs, the new data sets will be used to explore the effects on source mechanisms in Europe, where the characteristics of geographic and geomagnetic latitudes, and the orientation of the geomagnetic meridians, are quite different from those found in the North and South American sectors that are the main focus of current on-going studies. Likewise, the orograhic differences between Europe and other continents will manifest into longitudinal variations in mesospheric gravity wave activities. The location of the new instrument in the Dolomite Mountain Range will enable the first study of source processes in Europe.The research is fundamentally international in scope, building on a long-established, strong collaboration between scientists at Boston University and the University of Padua in the area of Planetary Atmospheres. The collaboration will be expanded with this effort to terrestrial atmospheric science, with involvement of a new set of students and research staff members from Boston and Padua. A dense network of GPS receivers and ionosondes, already operational within the field-of-view spanned by the imager, will contribute to the studies via collaborations set up with colleagues in Florence (Italy) and Bath (UK). These will be used, together with satellite over-flights, in multi-diagnostic studies by a multi-national team.