CAREER: Budget and Impacts of Atmospheric Organic Acids from Ground and Space-based Observations

甲酸和醋酸是大气中的主要羧酸。它们通过对降水酸度、水中羟基自由基浓度以及可能的二次有机气溶胶形成的影响，对大气水化学产生重要影响。这一职业奖的重点是了解有机酸的季节性来源及其对大气的影响。这项研究将以下列关键问题为指导：直接排放相对于生物来源、生物质燃烧和人为来源的二次生产的全球重要性是什么？有机气雾剂老化过程中是否有重要的甲酸和醋酸来源？甲酸和醋酸在控制世界各地降水和云的酸度方面起着什么作用？这在地理上和季节上有什么不同？实验方法结合了新的面向过程的测量和在大气模型框架内解释的来自空间的新的全球观测。具体步骤包括进行新的野外和实验室测量以量化大气中有机酸丰度的关键控制因素，将对流层发射光谱仪和红外大气探测干涉仪对甲酸的新卫星反演应用于全球范围的目标过程研究，并使用GEOS-Chem化学传输模式从全球来源和化学影响大气中有机酸的数量约束方面解释新的空间和现场测量。这项工作的更广泛影响将包括：1)加强当地公共小学学生在空气污染和地球科学方面的学习；2)培训尖端大气化学测量和模拟工具方面的研究生和博士后研究人员；3)建设明尼苏达大学新的土地和大气科学项目的研究和教育能力；4)更好地了解有机酸的来源和影响，以便更准确地预测空气质量和气候；5)通过科学演示和出版物积极传播科学发现。最后确定的测量数据、卫星检索和模型代码将公之于众，并可在网上随时获得。

Formic and acetic acids are the dominant carboxylic acids in the atmosphere. They exert an important influence on atmospheric aqueous chemistry through their effect on precipitation acidity, aqueous hydroxyl radical concentrations, and possibly secondary organic aerosol formation. This CAREER award focuses on understanding seasonal sources of organic acids and their atmospheric impacts. The research will be guided by the following key questions: What is the global importance of direct emissions versus secondary production from biogenic, biomass burning, and anthropogenic sources? Is there a significant source of formic and acetic acids during aging of organic aerosols? What is the role of formic and acetic acids in governing the acidity of precipitation and clouds around the world? How does this vary geographically and seasonally? The experimental approach combines new process-oriented measurements with new global observations from space, interpreted in the framework of an atmospheric model. Specific steps will include carrying out new field and laboratory measurements to quantify key controls on organic acid abundance in the atmosphere, applying new satellite retrievals of formic acid from the Tropospheric Emission Spectrometer and the Infrared Atmospheric Sounding Interferometer in targeted process studies on the global scale, and using the GEOS-Chem chemical transport model to interpret the new space-borne and in situ measurements in terms of quantitative constraints on global sources and chemical impacts organic acids in the atmosphere.The broader impacts of this work will include: 1) Enhanced learning in air pollution and Earth Science for local public elementary students; 2) Training graduate and postdoctoral researchers in cutting-edge atmospheric chemistry measurement and modeling tools; 3) Building the research and education capacity of the new Land and Atmospheric Science program at the University of Minnesota; 4) Better understanding of organic acid sources and impacts for more accurate air quality and climate predictions; 5) Active dissemination of scientific findings through scientific presentations and publications. Finalized measurement data, satellite retrievals, and model code will be made public and readily available online.