Doctoral Dissertation Research in DRMS: Efficacy of Self-control/Self-regulation Training Interventions to Improve Sleep Habits: Impact on Employee Fatigue

在各种设置中（例如，运输、电厂管理），睡眠不足是导致精神疲劳、表现下降和安全失误的主要因素。睡眠不足可能由各种不可控因素引起，如疾病或压力，但也可能是由于个人未能正确管理睡眠时间表。例如，在最近的一项调查中，70%的成年人报告说，他们的工作或学校的时间表实际上允许每天晚上有足够的睡眠。然而，这些人中的很大一部分人去上班或上学时有困倦和精神疲劳的风险。对这些人来说，困难的两个可能来源是自我控制或自我调节的失败。该项目调查了自我控制和自我调节训练计划的有效性，这些训练计划旨在为个人建立更好地管理睡眠时间表的技能。 反过来，这些技能的发展有望减少工作和学校睡眠不足的情况发生的频率。该研究项目涉及通过结合自我控制和自我调节训练方法将临床自我控制和自我调节干预转化为非临床使用。目的是确定一个完全整合的干预是否对睡眠时间管理有有益的影响。该项目的一个独特之处是通过腕部活动记录仪对睡眠持续时间和睡眠中断进行客观评估，腕部活动记录仪提供了可靠和有效的睡眠/非睡眠状态指标。该研究将这些客观指标与每日自我报告的睡眠时间和疲劳问卷进行了比较。总之，这些评估允许确定干预效果是否主要涉及睡眠持续时间的主观估计、睡眠持续时间的客观测量或两者的某种组合。这些研究的新知识可能对减少工作和学校环境中的睡眠剥夺具有重要意义。

In a variety of settings (e.g., transportation, power-plant management), inadequate sleep is a major contributing factor to mental fatigue, decrements in performance, and safety lapses. Inadequate sleep can arise from a variety of uncontrollable factors, such as illness or stress, but can also result from individual failures to properly manage sleep schedules. For example, in a recent survey, 70% of adults reported that their work or school schedules actually allow for adequate sleep each night. A substantial portion of these individuals, however, go to work or school at-risk for drowsiness and mental fatigue issues. Two possible sources of difficulties for these individuals are failures of self-control or failures of self-regulation. This project investigates the efficacy of self-control and self-regulation training programs that are targeted towards building skills for individuals to better manage their sleep schedules. Development of these skills, in turn, is expected to reduce the frequency of situations of inadequate sleep at work and school. This research project involves a translation of clinical self-control and self-regulation interventions to non-clinical use through a combined self-control and self-regulation training approach. The purpose is to determine whether a fully integrated intervention has beneficial effects on sleep-duration management. A unique feature of this project is the objective assessment of sleep duration and sleep interruptions obtained through wrist actigraphs, which provide reliable and valid indicators of sleep/non-sleep states. The research includes a comoparison of these objective measures with daily self-report questionnaires of sleep duration and fatigue. Together, these assessments allows for a determination of whether the intervention effects pertain mainly to subjective estimates of sleep duration, objective measures of sleep duration, or some combination of the two. The new knowledge from these studies may have significant implications for reduction of sleep deprivation in work and school settings.