DAT: Connecting Outcome Measures of Entrepreneurship, Technology and Science (COMETS)

该项目正在完成公共彗星数据库，整合关于科学和技术投入和产出的数据，以便更好地了解创新和高技术公司的成功。彗星和相关的在线和现场档案为研究人员提供了必要的工具，以回答科学与创新政策(科学与创新政策)中的一系列重要科学和政策问题。该项目在消除阻碍本科学计划进展的数据瓶颈方面发挥了很大作用。它通过将联邦拨款、大学、出版物、学位论文、专利以及新成立的高科技公司的遗留数据库与链接组织或科学家的每一次亮相的标识符整合在一个数据库中来做到这一点。该项目通过开发和纳入这些数据的无版权和开放源码替代方案，最大限度地提高了COMET完全公开数据的可用性。两个示范项目(A)展示了将公共数据库和许可数据库结合在一起的综合数据库的概念力量和政策相关性，以及(B)说明了彗星的使用，同时对用于识别组织或科学家的每一种外观的计算机匹配代码进行了压力测试。该项目的智力优势是基于概念化和实施构建一个非常大的连贯的综合数据库，该数据库涵盖从政府拨款、实验室和政策到基础发现的国家创新系统，并将其应用于推动高科技产业形成和转型的新商业技术。通过将已收集的公共信息用于参考、报告、营销和管理目的，最大限度地减少了报告负担--这是一种不引人注目的措施，不需要额外的努力，尽管为组织和科学家提供了一种机制，以纠正在传统数据库内和跨传统数据库匹配记录时的任何错误。更广泛的影响：该项目对本科学计划的研究以及最终对经济增长和生活水平产生广泛影响。首先，该项目为研究界提供了一种平台技术，由于可以在组织和科学家个人层面上观察到知识创造，因此该技术使本科学计划研究的复杂性和可靠性实现了巨大飞跃。第二，由于技术进步和教育水平的提高是决定世界发达经济体增长的两个主要因素，该项目带来的研究可以改善科学和创新政策，从而促进技术进步和经济增长。

This project is completing the public COMETS database integrating data on science and technology inputs and outputs in order to better understand innovation and the success of high-technology firms. COMETS and related on-line and on-site archives provide researchers the necessary tools to answer a wide range of important scientific and policy questions in the science of science and innovation policy (SciSIP). The project goes a long way toward eliminating the data bottleneck which has impeded SciSIP progress. It does this by integrating legacy databases on federal grants, universities, publications, dissertations, patents, and new and established high-technology firms in a single database with identifiers which link each appearance of an organization or scientist. The project maximizes the availability of fully public data at COMETS by developing and incorporating copyright-free and open-source alternatives to these data. Two demonstration projects (a) show the conceptual power and policy relevance of an integrated database combining public and licensed databases and (b) illustrate uses of COMETS while stress-testing the computer-matched codes used to identify each appearance of an organization or scientist.The intellectual merit of this project is based on conceptualizing and implementing construction of a very large coherent integrated database covering the national innovation system from government grants, laboratories, and policies through basic discoveries and their application to new commercial technologies driving the formation and transformation of high-technology industries. Reporting burden is minimized by using public information already collected for reference, reporting, marketing, and administrative purposes - unobtrusive measures that require no additional effort although a mechanism is provided for organizations and scientists to correct any errors in matching records within and across the legacy databases. Broader Impact: This project has broad impact on SciSIP research and ultimately on economic growth and the standard of living. First, the project provides the research community with a platform technology which enables a quantum leap in the sophistication and reliability of SciSIP research since knowledge creation can be observed at the organization and individual scientist level. Second, since technological progress and rising educational levels are the two main factors determining growth in the advanced economies of the world, research enabled by this project can lead to improved science and innovation policies which increase technological progress and economic growth.