Ecology of Infectious Marine Disease Workshop

海洋生物的传染性疾病正在增加，但在海洋系统中，控制宿主传染性、病原体毒力和无脊椎动物-微生物相互作用的过程却知之甚少。由于群落结构、物种多样性、生命史现象和扩散机制的根本差异，大多数为陆地范例开发的概念和模型都不能特别适用于水生生态系统。此外，即将发生的全球气候变化，如气温上升、海洋酸化、富营养化、径流增加和内陆盐水入侵，可能会影响海洋疾病的流行和严重程度。2011年2月，NSF-OCE召开了传染病生态学研讨会，以确定增加我们对这些动态的理解的方法，并获得更大的预测和减轻气候变化对海洋系统影响的能力。讲习班的一项主要建议是通过扩大研究生培训加强海洋研究人员之间的合作和能力建设。拟议的培训讲习班是根据这些建议设计的。培训讲习班还打算成为将于12月提交的一个更大的研究协调网提案的一部分。这个实践项目将为12至15名精心挑选的研究生和博士后参与者提供跨学科培训，内容包括：1)调查海洋疾病；2)开发诊断工具以识别各种病原体；3)检查无脊椎动物的先天免疫反应；4)将这些方法应用于有关疾病动力学的生态问题，包括温度和酸化对相互作用的影响。为期五周的讲习班将在星期五海港实验室举行，其中包括关于概念主题的讲座，以及不同重点领域的动手实验室和实地培训，最后是旨在解决萨利希海地区特定疾病生态学问题的有针对性的小组项目。

Infectious diseases of marine organisms are increasing, and yet processes governing host infectivity, pathogen virulence and invertebrate-microbial interactions are poorly understood in marine systems. Most concepts and models developed for terrestrial examples are not specifically transferable to aquatic ecosystems because of fundamental differences in community structure, species diversity, life-history phenomena, and dispersal mechanisms. Furthermore, impending global climate changes such as rising temperatures, ocean acidification, eutrophication, increased runoff, and inland intrusions of salt water are likely to impact prevalence and severity of marine diseases. NSF-OCE convened an Ecology of Infectious Disease workshop in February 2011 to identify ways to increase our understanding of these dynamics and gain greater ability to predict and mitigate the impacts of climate change in marine systems. A primary recommendation of the workshop was for increased collaboration among marine researchers and capacity building through expanded graduate training. The proposed training workshop was devised in the context of these recommendations. The training workshop is also intended to form part of a larger Research Coordination Network proposal to be submitted in December. This hands-on program will provide cross disciplinary training to a group of 12 to 15 carefully selected graduate and postdoctoral participants in 1) surveying marine disease 2) developing diagnostic tools for identifying a variety of pathogens 3) examining invertebrate innate immune responses, and 4) applying these methods to ecological questions about disease dynamics, including the effects of temperature and increased acidification on interactions. The five-week workshop will be held at Friday Harbor Laboratories and will include lectures on conceptual themes coupled with hands-on lab and field training in the different focus areas and culminates with targeted group projects aimed at addressing specific disease ecology questions in the Salish Sea region.