Collaborative Research: Eurasian and Makarov basins observational network targets changes in the Arctic Ocean

为满足了解北冰洋高纬度气候快速变化的长期多学科观测系统的迫切需要，提议建立一个欧亚和马卡洛夫盆地观测网络，作为北极观测网络的一个组成部分。8月至9月将进行三次巡航，每两年一次，沿大陆边缘进行广泛测量，这是一条边界洋流管道；邮轮将覆盖从斯瓦尔巴特群岛到东西伯利亚海的广大地区。该计划使用系泊、重复的海洋剖面和拉格朗日漂流物将海洋、化学和冰层观测联系在一起，以提供有关北冰洋变化的重要信息。作为海洋观测网络的一个组成部分，这项研究的总体目标是汇编一幅关于大西洋水在大洋大气层中的状态和变化的综合图景，特别侧重于三个主要观测目标：(1)边界流沿坡面的大水输送；(2)大洋中流分支与陆架水、深海盆地内部和上层海洋的相互作用；(3)大洋中上层环流变化的大洋大气层指示。拟议的目标范围很广，对现代高纬度观测海洋学提出了广泛的挑战。EMB的大小和位置意味着北冰洋的这一部分代表了泛北极的条件和过程，因此适合长期观测。因此，该项目是泛怡安的重要组成部分。研究生将得到支持；女性和阿拉斯加原住民学生将被鼓励参与。该计划的推广活动将在2013年达到顶峰，届时将举办一所船上暑期学校。根据怡安数据政策，北极卫星海冰和高度计测量急需的基准数据和产品将可用。

Responding to urgent needs for a long-term multidisciplinary observation system for understanding rapid high-latitude climate change in the Arctic Ocean, a Eurasian and Makarov Basin (EMB) observational network is proposed as an element of the Arctic Observing Network (AON). Three August-September cruises, one every two years, will be conducted, with extensive measurements along continental margins, a boundary current conduit; cruises will cover vast areas from Svalbard to the East Siberian Sea. The program ties together oceanographic, chemical, and ice observations using moorings, repeated oceanographic sections, and Lagrangian drifters to provide vital information about Arctic Ocean changes. The overarching goal of the study as an AON element is to compile a cohesive picture of the state and transformations of Atlantic Water (AW) in the EMB, with particular focus on three major observational targets: (1) along-slope AW transport by the boundary currents (2) interaction of AW branches with shelf waters, deep basin interior and upper ocean (3) EMB indications of changes in the upper ocean circulation. The proposed targets are broad in scope and pose a wide range of challenges to modern high-latitude observational oceanography. The EMB's size and location mean that this part of the Arctic Ocean is representative of pan-arctic conditions and processes, and therefore appropriate for long-term observing. Therefore, the project is an important element of the pan-AON. Graduate students will be supported; female and Alaska Native students will be encouraged to participate. Program outreach will culminate in 2013 with a shipboard summer school. Data and products, critically-needed benchmarks for Arctic satellite sea-ice and altimeter measurements, will be available per AON data policy.