Central Engine Models for Extreme Core-Collapse Supernovae and Long Gamma-Ray Bursts

该奖项将支持对大质量恒星的核心坍缩和由此产生的超新星爆炸进行全面的理论研究。 该项目将侧重于对某些类别的超新星和长伽马射线爆发的致密祖先进行三维全星模拟。 该项目的目标是：（1）探索区分各种爆炸结果的物理条件和过程，并了解哪些情况会产生伽马射线暴;（2）通过致密的前体追踪中微子驱动的爆炸和磁旋转爆炸，并对各种核的爆炸量、喷出物的混合和爆炸形态进行预测，以便与电磁观测进行比较;（3）预测极端核塌缩超新星和长伽玛暴的引力波和中微子特征。伽玛暴可能是宇宙中能量最大的事件，其物理机制至今仍不清楚。 预计该项目将向天体物理学界发布其代码和模拟，还将涉及对数值天体物理学研究生的培训。

This award will support a comprehensive theoretical investigation into core collapse and the resulting supernovae explosions of massive stars. The project will focus on full-star simulations in three dimensions of compact progenitors of certain classes of supernovae and long gamma-ray bursts. The goals of the project are (1) to explore the physical conditions and processes that distinguish between various outcomes of the explosion and to understand which situations produce gamma-ray bursts; (2) to track neutrino-driven and magnetorotational explosions through compact progenitors and make predictions about explosive yield of various nuclei, mixing of ejecta, and explosion morphologies that can be compared with electromagnetic observations; and (3) to provide predictions for the gravitational wave and neutrino signatures of extreme core collapse supernovae and long gamma bursts.Gamma-ray bursts are probably the most energetic events in the universe, and the physics involved is still not well understood. The project is expected to release its codes and simulations to the astrophysics community, and will also involve the training of graduate students in numerical astrophysics.