Doctoral Dissertation Research: After Prison, Who Will You Become? Women's Citizen-Making at Prisoner Reentry Organizations

在美国，每年从州和联邦监狱出狱的73万人中，有近10万是女性。自20世纪70年代以来，这一人口迅速增长。妇女是致力于改造、教育、精神拯救或以其他方式使被释放的囚犯作为有权利和义务的公民进入社区生活的组织干预的目标。这一过程被称为囚犯重新进入：自愿或强制性的方案，使囚犯值得作为公民的归属感。这项工作越来越多地落在社区组织(宗教和世俗的、营利性的和非营利性的)身上。随着这项工作的外包增加，对女性释囚作为公民有不同看法的组织也参与进来，有时特别针对妇女，但有时只是将妇女纳入以男性为主的重返社会方案。这项研究考察了这些社区组织在以性别方式传递有关归属和权利的信息以及将妇女作为道德干预的邀请目标方面所做的实际工作。私人投资机构使用重新融入公民身份作为审查涉及工作、育儿和浪漫关系的计划的框架。比较了三种类型的组织：以治疗实践为指导的世俗组织；以信仰原则为指导的受宗教启发的组织，期望参与者参与或教育；以及互惠的宗教组织，期望参与者表达信仰。这项研究使用了多种数据来源，包括行政和组织记录，对组织工作人员和官员的采访，以及对威斯康星州南部两个县节目的个人观察。该项目将阐明组织如何在工作、育儿和恋爱关系方面将女性释囚理解为公民的不同方式。研究团队包括正在接受数据编码和基本文本分析培训的本科生研究人员。最终，该项目将使刑事司法系统了解以社区为基础的组织的作用，这些组织向试图重新进入社会的女性释囚提供服务。

Nearly 100,000 of the 730,000 people who exit state and federal prisons each year in the US are women. This population has grown quickly since the 1970s. Women are targets for intervention by organizations that work to reform, educate, save spiritually, or otherwise prepare ex-prisoners for community life as citizens with rights and duties. This process is known as prisoner reentry: voluntary or mandatory programming to make prisoners worthy of their belonging as citizens. Increasingly, this work falls on community-based organizations (religious and secular, for-profit and not-for-profit). With the increased outsourcing of this work, organizations with different visions for women ex-prisoners as citizens are engaged, sometimes targeting women particularly, but sometimes merely including women in predominantly male reentry programs. This research examines what such community organizations actually do, in their delivery of messages about belonging and rights in gendered ways, and in the treatment of women as inviting targets for morally-motivated interventions. The PIs use re-incorporation as citizens as a framework for examining programs addressing work, parenting, and romantic relationships. Three types of organizations are compared: secular organizations guided by therapeutic practices; religiously inspired organizations guided by faith principles, expecting workforce participation or education in participants; and reciprocally religious organizations expecting an expression of faith from participants. The study employs multiple data sources, including administrative and organizational records, interviews with organizational staff and officials, and personal observations of programming in two southern Wisconsin counties. The project will illuminate variation in how organizations understand women ex-prisoners as citizens along the dimensions of work, parenting, and romantic relationships. The research team includes undergraduate researchers who are being trained in data coding and basic textual analysis. Ultimately, the project will inform the criminal justice system with regard to the utility of community-based organizations that provide services to women ex-prisoners attempting to reenter society.