CPS: Synergy: Software Defined Buildings

这个网络物理系统项目设计和评估了高效、敏捷、模型驱动、以人为中心的建筑系统的基础信息基础。其方法是开发软件定义的建筑，打破现有的烟囱架构，大大减少添加新功能和应用程序的工作量，而不需要升级叉车。并将通信和控制功能扩展到单个独立建筑之外，使建筑群能够与能源电网协同工作。我们研究了如何将这种软件定义的建筑建立在灵活、多服务和开放的建筑集成操作系统(BIOS)之上，该系统允许应用程序在安全的沙箱环境中可靠地运行。它支持传感器和执行器访问、访问管理、元数据、归档和发现，以及多个同时执行的程序。大楼操作员保留监督管理，在物理上(访问不同的控制)、时间上(在不同的时间更改控制)、信息上(哪些信息离开大楼)和逻辑上(允许哪些操作或顺序)控制应用程序分离。我们在大学、住宅楼和密切相关的工业流程中构建、部署和展示了原型基本输入输出系统的功能。使建筑更高效，同时保持居住者舒适、多产和健康，对我们的经济和健康至关重要。将建筑物转变为灵活的、以人为中心的网络物理系统可以消除浪费，同时允许它们成为电网上的主动资源，提供零排放的可再生能源。通过从同一物理工厂提供更大的价值，SDB方法可以超越建造成本和运营成本指标，实现更广泛的投资回报，实现新的、可扩展的、面向未来的？技术。

This Cyber-Physical Systems project designs and evaluates a foundational information substrate for efficient, agile, model-driven, human-centered building systems. The approach is to develop software-defined buildings, to shatter existing stovepipe architectures, dramatically reduce the effort to add new functions and applications without ?forklift upgrades,? and expand communications and control capabilities beyond a single stand-alone building to enable groups of buildings to behave cooperatively and in cooperation with the energy grid. We investigate how such Software-Defined Buildings can be founded on a flexible, multi-service and open Building Integrated Operating System (BIOS) that allows applications to run reliably in safe, sandboxed environments. It supports sensor and actuator access, access management, metadata, archiving, and discovery, as well as multiple simultaneously executing programs. Building operators retain supervisory management, controlling application separation physically (access different controls), temporally (change controls at different times), informationally (what information leaves the building), and logically (what actions or sequences thereof are allowable). We construct, deploy, and demonstrate the capabilities of a prototype BIOS in the context of university, residential buildings and closely related industrial processes.Making buildings more efficient, while keeping occupants comfortable, productive, and healthy, is critical to our economy and health. Transforming buildings into agile, human centered cyber-physical systems eliminates waste, while allowing them to be a proactive resource on the electric grid with zero emission renewable supplies. And by providing greater value from the same physical plant, the SDB approach can move beyond cost-to-build and cost-to-operate metrics to broader return-on-investment for new extendable ?future-proof? technologies.