EAGER/Collaborative Research: From Pricing to Cap-and-Trade: Analysis and Design of Quantity-based Approach to Congestion Management

受旨在减少温室气体和空气污染物排放的各种限额与交易计划的启发，这个探索性研究（EAGER）合作研究项目将探索一种新的、有前途的旅行需求管理策略。交通拥堵继续威胁着世界各地的经济繁荣和生活质量。人们普遍承认，需求管理战略可以帮助缓解交通堵塞，如果执行得当，这些战略可以是有效和成本效益高的。本研究中考虑的限额与交易方案试图将直接旅行需求限制与交易机制结合起来。因为这样的方案通常涉及创建移动信用并在市场上进行交易，所以它也被称为可交易信用方案。作为对这一想法的早期探索，该项目将直接涉及经济学家，他们将为每个研究任务提供输入，并作为研究分析工具的一部分，以回答关键的设计和实施问题。基于主体的仿真将被用作所提出的分析框架和设计概念的主要评估工具。基于该仿真平台，本研究将可交易信用方案与传统的出行需求管理策略（如拥堵收费）进行比较，并在不同的出行行为假设下验证所提出方案的有效性和实用性。如果成功，该项目将为交通运输和经济在总量控制与交易问题上提供一座有意义的桥梁，研究成果将被分享，以促进这两个领域的发展。这项工作可能会改变目前与交通拥堵管理政策相关的范式。这项研究的结果还可以加强对这些政策的选择，并帮助确定它们的优先顺序。因此，这项研究将通过在交通课程中提供新的材料和案例研究，纳入两所大学的教育活动。最后，研究成果将通过各种媒体广泛传播。

This EArly-Concept Grant for Exploratory Research (EAGER) collaborative research project will explore a new and promising travel demand management strategy, inspired by various cap-and-trade schemes aiming to reduce greenhouse gas and air pollutant emissions. Traffic congestion continues to threaten the economic prosperity and quality of life around the world. It is widely acknowledged that demand management strategies could help alleviate traffic congestion, and if properly implemented, they could be effective and cost-efficient. The cap-and-trade schemes considered in this research seek to couple direct travel demand restrictions with a trading mechanism. Because such a scheme typically involves creating mobility credits and trading them in a market, it is also known as a tradable credit scheme. As an early exploration of this idea, the project will directly involve economists that will provide input to each research task and as part of the research analytical tools to answer critical design and implementation issues will be sought. Agent-based simulation will be used as the main evaluation tool for the proposed analytical framework and design concepts. Based on this simulation platform, the research will compare tradable credit schemes with traditional travel demand management strategies such as congestion pricing, and validate the effectiveness and practicability of the proposed schemes with varying behavioral travel assumptions.If successful, the project could provide a meaningful bridge between transportation and economics on the issue of cap-and-trade and research findings would be shared to advance both fields. The work could shift the current paradigm associated with traffic congestion management policies. The findings from this research could also enhance choices among these policies and help provide for their prioritization. Accordingly, the research will be incorporated in education activities at both universities by offering new materials and case studies within the transportation curricula. Finally, research results will be broadly disseminated through a variety of media.