History of the Documentary Film in Germany 1945 - 2005

这项研究项目的目的是对1945-2005年期间制作的德国非虚构类电影进行系统研究。这些成果将作为2005年出版的关于1895-1945年早期研究的书籍出版成三卷本出版物(1945-1961/62、1962-1989/90和1990-2005)。我们目前项目的主要目标将是提供纪录片制作的全面概述。这项工作将采取以下形式：对电影档案进行深入研究，并仔细分析具有代表性的纪录片实例，包括其各种亚类。我们的工作重点将是为在电影院放映而制作的纪录片，尽管我们也将考虑属于外围纪录片领域的电影，如教育电影、工业电影和新闻片。在制作这部德国纪录片的历史时，我们还将考虑到在纪录片的制作、发行和批判性接受方面在传播和社会文化实践方面发生的所有变化。按照《新电影史》所采用的方法，我们将特别关注技术、经济和制度条件如何导致纪录片领域的特定主题关注以及特定表达方式和审美风格的发展。还将考虑展示纪录片制作如何受到审议所涉历史时期连续阶段的政治制度的不同塑造和影响。在20世纪60年代初和90年代，也发生了重大的技术变革，a)引入了具有同步声音的16 mm相机(Direct Cinema)，b)数字技术的出现和广泛采用。所有这些都对纪录片的制作和新风格、新方法的发展产生了重大影响。我们已经在2012-2014年期间完成了第一阶段的研究。我们制作了一个Filemaker数据库，该数据库是在试验阶段开发和编程的，但现在已扩大到包括与电影片名、电影制作公司、技术细节和文献材料有关的广泛新信息。该数据库包含9,000多部电影片名的详细信息，已被证明是一个非常有用的信息来源和相互参照的宝贵工具。三个研究小组不仅在不同的档案馆和行业报刊中发现了许多相关的制作细节，而且还开始查看和分析精选的电影。正是在这种紧张研究的基础上，我们才能够为我们计划在2020年出版的三卷书中的每一卷制定出详细的结构。

The aim of this research project is to conduct a systematic study of German non-fiction films produced during the period 1945 - 2005. The results will be published in a 3-volume publication (1945 - 1961/62, 1962 - 1989/90 and 1990 - 2005) as the 2005 published books on the earlier research of the period 1895 - 1945. The principal objective of our current project will be to provide a comprehensive overview of documentary film production. The work will take the form of: intensive research in film archives and the close analysis of representative examples of documentary film, including its various subgenres. The central focus of our work will be documentaries produced for screening in the cinema, though we will also be considering films which belong to the peripheral documentary domain, such as educational films, industrial films and newsreels. In producing this history of German documentary film we will also take into account all the many changes that have taken place in communicative and socio-cultural practices with regard to the production, distribution and critical reception of documentary. In line with approaches adopted in New Film History we will be paying special attention to how technical, economic and institutional conditions have resulted in particular sets of thematic preoccupations in the documentary domain as well as in the development of specific modes of expression and aesthetic styles. Consideration will also be given to showing how documentary film production has been differentially shaped and influenced by the political systems that were in place in successive phases during the historical period under consideration. In the early 1960s and the 1990s there were also significant technological changes in the form of a) the introduction of the 16mm camera with sync sound (Direct Cinema) and b) the advent and widespread adoption of digital technology. All of this had a significant impact on documentary film production and the development of new styles and approaches. We have already completed the first phase of the research in the period 2012 - 2014. We produced a Filemaker data base which had been developed and programmed in the course of a pilot phase, but was now expanded to include extensive new information relating to film titles, film production companies, technical details and literature material. This data base contains detailed information on more than 9,000 film titles, is already proving to be a very useful source of information and a valuable tool for purposes of cross-referencing. The three research teams have not only discovered many relevant production details in different archives and in the trade press, but have also begun to view and analyze selected films. It is on the basis of this intense research that we have been able to come up with a detailed structure for each of the three volumes that we plan to publish in 2020.