Design and Performance Evaluation of New Mechanisms for the Future Internet - New Paradigms and Economic Aspects

互联网对社会和经济目的的重要性在过去几年中有所增加，特别是由于智能手机和平板电脑的巨大市场增长。然而，互联网中用于流量管理的机制仍然基于自最初建立以来未改变的概念，无法应对用户、网络运营商和服务提供商日益增长的要求，例如用户感知的体验质量（QoE）和服务提供商的经济考虑。为了应对新的要求，ÖkoNet项目在设计新的交通管理机制时考虑了所有相关利益相关者的经济利益。这方面的一个例子是在ÖkoNet第一阶段研究的视频内容的有效传输。这里考虑了QoE、用户设备的能耗和网络运营商的成本。为此场景开发了QoE监控机制，并在移动网络运营商中实现。此外，已开发的QoE模型被推荐用于国际电联的标准化。在该项目的第二阶段，以两个正交用例为例，研究了交通管理机制设计原则“经济交通管理”和“设计纷争”的适用性。从用例中获得的结果集成在当前或未来机制开发人员的指导方针中，并且可以针对正在开发的特定机制进行调整。此外，该指南还讨论了评估技术机制的具体方法，同时考虑到经济影响以及潜在的范例。第一个用例考虑在内容中心网络（CCN）中使用HTTP自适应流有效分发视频内容。特别考虑了视频传播的QoE性能、域间流量成本和可用视频源的有效利用。第二个用例研究移动云计算，并评估云资源消耗的成本、用户设备的功耗、QoE和移动网络上的信号负载。对于这两种情况，使用分析和模拟性能评估的方法迭代开发流量管理机制。为了验证从模型中获得的知识，建立了一个原型，用于在现实约束下评估开发的策略。

The importance of the Internet for social and economic ends has increased over the last years, especially due to the large market growth for smartphones and tablet computers. However, the mechanisms used for traffic management in the Internet are still based on concepts unchanged since its initial inception and cannot cope with the increasing requirements of users, network operators and service providers, such as the Quality of Experience (QoE) perceived by the user and economic considerations of the service providers. In order to deal with the new requirements, the project ÖkoNet considers the economic interests of all involved stakeholders during the design of new traffic management mechanisms.One example for this is the efficient transmission of video content studied during the first phase of ÖkoNet. Here, the QoE, energy consumption of user equipment and costs for the network operators were considered. A QoE Monitoring mechanism was developed for this scenario which was implemented at a mobile network operator. Furthermore, the developed QoE models were recommended for ITU standardisation.In the second phase of this project, the applicability of the traffic management mechanism design principles 'Economic Traffic Management' and 'Design for Tussle' is studied on the example of two orthogonal use cases. Results obtained from the use cases are integrated in a guideline for developers of current or future mechanisms and can be adapted for the specific mechanism under development. Furthermore, the guideline discusses specific approaches for the evaluation of technical mechanisms while considering economic influences as well as the underlying paradigms.The first use case considers the efficient distribution of video content using HTTP adaptive streaming in content centric networks (CCN). The performance of video dissemination regarding QoE, cost of inter-domain traffic and efficient use of available video sources are especially considered. The second use case studies Mobile Cloud Computing and evaluates costs for consumption of cloud resources, power consumption of the user equipment, QoE and the signalling load on the mobile network.For both scenarios, traffic management mechanisms are developed iteratively using methods from analytic and simulative performance evaluation. In order to validate the knowledge obtained from the models, a prototype is built, which is used to evaluate the developed strategies under real-world constraints.