SPRF-IBSS: Applying structural equation modeling to populations undergoing economic transition

发展中国家正在迅速发生经济转型，造成无数的社会、行为和生物变化。本研究的重点是免疫功能与行为、社会心理和社区因素的关系。第一个研究问题集中在身体活动/久坐行为是否是西伯利亚土著成年人生活方式不协调（心理社会压力的一个指标）与免疫功能之间关系的中介影响。第二个研究问题是，亚马逊土著儿童和成人社区层面的市场整合是否能预测生物学结果。第三个研究问题是，在社区层面上，五年的市场整合是否可以预测亚马逊土著儿童和成人的生物学结果。智力优势：这些复杂的关系需要先进的生物统计技术来正确分析。该项目侧重于学习结构方程模型（SEM），并将通用统计方法应用于有关土著人口过渡的生物学结果的问题。研究问题的评估使用了2009年西伯利亚萨哈（雅库特）成年人样本和2002-2009年玻利维亚Tsimane年度小组调查的数据。体育活动和久坐行为对雅库特成年人生活方式不一致性和生物学结果之间关系的中介作用将采用扫描电镜通径分析进行评估。社区市场整合和社区市场整合五年变化对提斯曼？成人和儿童将使用多层扫描电镜进行评估。本研究利用多学科技术：1)深入了解心理社会压力影响免疫功能的途径；2)促进对群落对生物学影响的理解。研究小组成功地利用高级统计训练和生物学的配对，倡导定量方法来衡量经济转型对身体健康的影响。此外，拟议的活动是跨学科的，因为研究从包括人类生物学、人类学、社会学、卫生经济学、生理学、人口学和行为生态学在内的几个领域中汲取和讨论相关问题。更广泛的影响：实现研究目标并将研究结果传播给研究人员和当地人群，可以增加对发展中国家经济和社会转型对生物学结果的影响的理解。它还提高了对人类生物学和生物人类学研究中先进生物统计技术有用性的认识。此外，该奖学金项目将不同层次的研究和教育结合起来。

Economic transition is occurring rapidly in developing countries and resulting in a myriad of social, behavioral and biologic changes. This research focuses on immune function's relationship to behavioral, psychosocial and community factors. The first research question focuses on whether physical activity/sedentary behavior is a mediating influence on the relationship between lifestyle incongruity (an indicator of psychosocial stress) and immune function in indigenous Siberian adults. The second research question is whether community level market integration in indigenous Amazonian children and adults predictive of biological outcomes. The third research question is whether in community level market integration over a five year period predictive of biological outcomes in indigenous Amazonian children and adults. Intellectual Merit: These complex relationships require advanced bio-statistical techniques to properly analyze. This project focuses on learning structural equation modeling (SEM) and applying the versatile statistical method to questions regarding the biological outcomes of transition in indigenous populations. The research questions are assessed using data from a sample of Sakha (Yakut) adults of Siberia in 2009 and the Tsimane Annual Panel Survey in Bolivia in 2002-2009. The mediating effect of physical activity and sedentary behavior on the relationship between lifestyle incongruity and biological outcomes in Yakut adults will be assessed using SEM path analysis. The influence of community market integration and five year change in community market integration on biological outcomes in Tsimane? adults and children will be assessed using multi-level SEM.This research utilizes multi-disciplinary techniques to: 1) provide insight into the pathways through which psychosocial stress influences immune function; 2) advance understanding of the community influence on biology. The research team succesfully exploits the pairing of advanced statistical training and biology to advocate for quantitative approaches to measuring the effects of economic transition on physical health. Additionally, the proposed activities are interdisciplinary to the extent that the research draws from and speaks to issues that are pertinent within several fields including human biology, anthropology, sociology, health economics, physiology, demography, and behavioral ecology.Broader Impacts:Achieving the research goals and disseminating the findings to researchers and local populations increases understanding of the impacts of economic and social transition on biological outcomes in the developing world. It also increases awareness of the usefulness of advanced biostatistical techniques within human biology and bioanthropology research. In addition, this Fellowship project integrates research and education at many different levels.