ESE: Spatial Interactive Optimization for Restoration of Upland Storage in Watersheds: Community Participation in the Design of Distributed Practices and Alternatives

提案题目：ESE：流域旱地蓄水恢复的空间交互优化：社区参与分布式实践和替代方案设计首席研究员：Meghna Babbar-Sebens博士，印第安纳大学地球科学系助理教授，普渡大学印第安纳波利斯分校。联合首席研究员：Snehasis Mukhopadhyay博士，印第安纳大学计算机与信息科学系副教授，普渡大学印第安纳波利斯分校。合作者：Edna Loehman博士，普渡大学农业经济系名誉教授。摘要森林砍伐、人工农业排水系统、城市化和住宅开发等人类活动对自然水文循环的改变导致了多种生态系统服务（如洪水衰减和水质控制）的丧失，而这些服务原本是由流域和流域的各种景观特征自然提供的。已经提出在退化的流域进行水文循环的再自然化，以取代洪泛平原上丧失的储水量。与此同时，美国农业部自然资源保护局推荐的农业实践可以改善水质和栖息地。本研究的重点是一个分布式旱地存储系统的设计，设计涉及退化流域农业景观的场地选择、规模、结构变化和农艺实践。我们将使用鹰溪流域（HUC 11流域）来开发和演示设计方法。由于有大量的备选地点、规模和缓解方法，而且由于有多种选择地点和方法的标准，设计是复杂的。可量化的选择标准包括下游洪水量、缓解成本、生境损失等。与任何决策问题一样，也存在一些无法量化的标准，例如对私人土地所有者的不便、生产力和控制权的丧失。由于高地再归化必须在私人土地上进行，因此必须就任何缓解措施达成自愿协议。为了解决土地所有者的复杂性和可接受性，我们的研究将整合量化标准的计算工具（GIS，模拟，优化算法等）和社区参与来解决非量化标准。具体目标是：1)为利益攸关方制定一个模拟-可视化框架，以评估气候变化条件下的缓解备选方案。2)开发和研究包括单个和多个利益相关者参与的交互式、多目标和随机优化方法，以产生反映非定量和局部标准的首选方案。3)通过利益相关者评估，比较交互优化与非交互优化的效果。虽然我们证明了该方法对印第安纳州鹰溪流域的有用性，但它可以适用于许多其他领域和问题。

PROPOSAL TITLE: ESE: Spatial Interactive Optimization for Restoration of Upland Storage in Watersheds: Community Participation in the Design of Distributed Practices and AlternativesPRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR: Dr. Meghna Babbar-Sebens, Assistant Professor, Department of Earth Sciences, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis.CO-PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR: Dr. Snehasis Mukhopadhyay, Associate Professor, Department of Computer and Information Science, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis.COLLABORATOR: Dr. Edna Loehman, Emeritus Professor, Department of Agricultural Economics, Purdue University.AbstractThe alteration of the natural hydrologic cycle due to human activities -- such as deforestation, artificial agricultural drainage systems, urbanization, and residential development has resulted in loss of multiple ecosystem services (e.g. flood attenuation and water quality control) that were previously provided naturally by various landscape features in river basins and watersheds. Re-naturalization of the hydrologic cycle in degraded watersheds has been proposed to replace lost storage on floodplains with upland storage. At the same time, agronomic practices recommended by USDA's Natural Resources Conservation Service can improve water quality and habitat. This research focuses on the design of a distributed upland storage system, with design involving the selection of sites, scales, structural changes, and agronomic practices for agricultural landscapes in a degraded watershed. We will use the Eagle Creek Watershed (HUC 11 watershed) for development and demonstration of design methods. Because there are a large number of alternative sites, scales, and mitigation methods, and because there are multiple criteria for selection of locations and methods, design is complex. Quantifiable criteria for selection include downstream flood volume, cost of mitigation, loss of habitat, etc. As in any decision problem, there are also unquantifiable criteria such as inconvenience and loss of productivity and control for private land holders. Because upland re-naturalization must occur on private land, there must be voluntary agreement for any mitigation measures. To address both complexity and acceptability to land holders, our research will integrate computational tools (GIS, simulation, optimization algorithms, etc.) for quantified criteria with community participation to address un-quantified criteria. Specific objectives are: 1) Develop a simulation-visualization framework for stakeholders to assess mitigation alternatives under conditions of climate change. 2) Develop and investigate interactive, multi-objective, and stochastic optimization approaches for including single and multiple stakeholders' participation to generate preferred alternatives that reflect non-quantitative and local criteria. 3) Compare efficacy of the interactive approach with non-interactive optimization through stakeholder assessment. Though we demonstrate the usefulness of the approach for Eagle Creek Watershed, IN, it can, however, be applicable to many other areas and problems.