Collaborative Research: The Scale of Governance in the Regulation of Land in Community Land Trusts

解决所有公民的住房需求，并科学地理解各种提供经济适用住房的方法的影响和作用，是城市政策面临的一项重大挑战。社区土地信托提供了一种在住房政策领域越来越多地采用的战略。 该项目将解决社区土地信托的地理规模如何影响其在区域土地和住房治理中的关系，包括与其他非营利机构和政府机构的互动及其地理特征的问题。 CLT是私人的非营利组织，拥有社区的住宅用地，由成员和不同规模的地理边界定义，从次社区到城市地区。社区土地信托公司向其成员提供长期可续期的土地使用租约，而成员则拥有在该土地上建造的住房。 CLTs是一种基层方法，最初是在特定的城市社区发展起来的，但它们正在不断扩大其领土，以覆盖大的地理区域，如整个城市或县。 由于社区联络小组是支持社区主导的重建的一个潜在的和不断增长的工具，它们的成功和失败具有公共政策的影响。 该项目将提供关于地方土地信托公司如何与各级政府及其成员在地理上分散的土地信托中的关系的见解。 因此，它将提高对城市发展，社区认同和土地管制的理解。 研究人员将建立地方和国家咨询委员会，这些委员会由CLTs和相关政府和非营利机构的决策者组成，以便从以下方面汲取见解并向以下方面传播研究成果：在住房内和住房方面工作的个人和组织-该项目审查了法律和公共政策在形成土地治理方面的重要性，以及对居民对地方和环境的看法的影响。社区 通过档案研究，半结构化访谈和巡回访谈相结合，研究人员将探索社区土地信托是如何在法律，社会和地理上构建的。 他们审查了CLT与其领土内的成员和非成员的关系，以及与地方、地区和联邦政府的关系。对明尼阿波利斯-圣保罗大都市区内的五个CLT进行的案例研究允许考察地理影响CLT中社区特征和土地使用治理的不同方式，因为五个CLT在领土范围上各不相同。 邻里和区域规模的影响的比较突出了地方和区域国家机构可以参与CLT发展项目的不同方式，并产生不同的影响。

Addressing housing needs of all citizens and scientifically understanding the implications and impacts of various approaches to affordable housing provision provides a major challenge for urban policy. Community Land Trusts (CLTs) offer one strategy that is increasingly adopted in the housing policy realm. This project will address the question of how the geographical scale of a Community Land Trust affects its relationships in regional land and housing governance including interactions with other non-profit and government agencies, and its geographical identity. CLTs are private, not-for-profit organizations that own residential land in trust for a community, and are defined by membership and geographical boundaries at varying scales, from the sub-neighborhood to the urban region. CLTs offer long-term renewable leases for the use of their land to members, who in turn own the homes built on that land. A grassroots approach, CLTs initially developed in particular urban neighborhoods, but they are increasingly expanding their territories to cover large geographical areas, such as an entire city or county. Since CLTs are a potential and growing vehicle for supporting community-led redevelopment, their successes and failures have public policy implications. The project will offer insights about how CLTs relate to various levels of government as well as to their members, in geographically dispersed land trusts. Consequently, it will enhance understandings of urban development, community identity, and land regulation. The researchers will develop local and national advisory committees drawn from policy makers in CLTs and relevant government and non-profit institutions in order to drawn upon insights from, and disseminate research findings to, individuals and organizations working within and with housing-oriented community land trusts.The project examines the importance of law and public policy in shaping land governance and the impacts on residents' perceptions of place and community. Through a combination of archival research, semi-structured interviews and roving interviews, the researchers will explore how community land trusts are structured legally, socially, and geographically. They examine the relationships of CLTs with members and non-members within the CLTs' territories as well as their relationships with local, regional, and federal governments. A case study of five CLTs within the Minneapolis - St. Paul metropolitan area allows for examination of the different ways that geography affects community identity and land use governance in CLTs, because the five CLTs vary in territorial extent. This comparison of neighborhood- and regional-scale impacts highlights the different ways that local and regional state institutions can engage with the project of CLT development with differential effects.