Studies in Elementary Particle Physics

20世纪最重要的智力成就之一是粒子物理学标准模型（SM）的发展。这个模型成功地将当时已知的所有基本粒子划分为具有相似量子特性的等级。到目前为止，这个模型的有效性最近被欧洲核子研究中心大型强子对撞机发现的希格斯玻色子所证实。然而，目前存在的标准模型留下了许多关于宇宙的问题，包括为什么希格斯质量具有它所具有的价值这样的基本问题。大型强子对撞机（LHC）是在瑞士日内瓦附近的欧洲核子研究中心实验室运行的首要能量前沿粒子加速器。它目前是回答这些超越标准模型问题和研究希格斯玻色子性质的最重要的设备之一。这里提出的工作将继续这个小组在欧洲核子研究中心通过紧凑介子螺线管（CMS）实验发现希格斯粒子时所做的开创性努力。他们一直是研究希格斯性质的领导者，并开发了整个社区使用的重要工具。该小组领导了发现希格斯玻色子的4轻子衰变通道的研究工作。该小组开发的一项创新被称为矩阵元素似然方法（MELA），这是一种分析技术，允许CMS确定希格斯粒子的量子数。这里提出的工作将扩展这项技术，将其应用于即将由大型强子对撞机提供的新的高能数据，并将其用于对标准模型之外的物理的新搜索。该项目还将支持对CMS探测器的运行和对大型强子对撞机高亮度升级的新探测器技术的研究的技术贡献。业务贡献是基于目前正在使用的技术或从目前正在使用的技术派生出来的。对探测器升级研究的贡献是基于为支持当前操作而开发的工具。更广泛的影响：拟议的研究计划的影响超出了粒子物理学的狭隘定义。本文提出的有源像素探测器技术在同步加速器光源上用于研究材料和生物系统的仪器中具有应用价值。拟议的研究有很强的教育成分。它为一些学生提供直接的支持和培训。特别是，为未来的升级测试原型探测器，将为从事粒子物理学工作的年轻科学家提供多样化的经验。PI的小组是QuarkNet中心的主人，该中心目前有25名巴尔的摩地区的高中教师。QuarkNet中心发起并帮助组织了一系列非常成功的区域物理博览会，将科学带给了成千上万的地区居民。

One of the major intellectual achievements of the 20th century was the development of the Standard Model (SM) of particle physics. This model succeeded in classifying all of the elementary particles known at the time into a hierarchy of groups having similar quantum properties. The validity of this model to date was recently confirmed by the discovery of the Higgs boson at the Large Hadron Collider at CERN. However, the Standard Model as it currently exists leaves open many questions about the universe, including such fundamental questions as to why the Higgs mass has the value it has. The Large Hadron Collider (LHC) is the premier Energy Frontier particle accelerator operating at the CERN laboratory near Geneva Switzerland. It is currently one of the foremost facilities for answering these Beyond the Standard Model questions and studying the properties of the Higgs boson. The work proposed here will continue the pioneering effort that this group did in the discovery of the Higgs by the Compact Muon Solenoid (CMS) experiment at CERN. They have been a leader in the study of Higgs properties, and have developed important tools used by the community as a whole. The group led the work on the 4-lepton decay channel in the discovery of the Higgs. One of the innovations developed by this group is known as the Matrix Element Likelihood Approach (MELA), an analysis technique that allowed CMS to determine the quantum numbers of the Higgs. The work proposed here will expand that technique, applying it to the new higher energy data that will soon be delivered by the LHC and use it in new searches for physics beyond the Standard Model.This project would also support technical contributions to the operation of the CMS detector and to the study of new detector technology for high luminosity upgrades of the LHC. The operational contributions are based on techniques that are currently in use or are derived from those currently in use. The contributions to the study of detector upgrades are based on tools that were developed to support the present operation.Broader Impacts:The impact of the proposed research program reaches beyond the narrow definition of particle physics. The proposed work on active pixel detector technology has application to instrumentation used at synchrotron light sources to study materials and biological systems. The proposed research has a strong educational component. It provides direct support and training for a number of students. In particular, the testing of prototype detectors for future upgrades would provide a diversity of experiences that are not otherwise available to young scientists working in particle physics. The PI's group is the host of a QuarkNet center that has a current membership of 25 Baltimore area high school teachers. The QuarkNet Center has initiated and helped to organize a very successful series of regional Physics Fairs that have brought science to thousands of area residents.