Support for the Archaeometry Laboratory at MURR

在国家科学基金会的支持下，密苏里大学研究反应堆中心(MURR)将继续作为美国最全面的实验室，致力于考古材料的化学特性研究。可用的分析技术包括中子活化分析(NAA)、使用高分辨率、四极杆和多收集仪器对溶液进行电感耦合等离子体质谱(ICPMS)、激光烧蚀电感耦合等离子体质谱(LA-ICPMS)和X射线荧光(XRF)。这些技术可以同时对各种考古材料中的主要、次要和微量元素进行高准确度和精确度的量化。MURR实验室还在培训学生应用于具体考古问题的分析技术方面发挥着重要作用。考古学学生经常被邀请去MURR学习各种解释考古数据的方法，并直接访问大型成分数据库，其中包含超过13万份以前对陶器、黑铁矿、玄武岩和硅质岩的分析。正在继续开发和改进对这些数据库的在线访问，以便与其他实验室的数据库相结合。实验室工作人员和学生也参与了从不再运行的实验室中抢救成分数据库的努力。世界许多地区的陶瓷数据库已经达到了足够的规模，可以进行地区性的综合，检查陶瓷生产、使用和交换的大规模模式。除了继续支持学生和高级考古学研究项目，资金还有助于支持校准标准和分析程序的开发，以促进来自多种分析技术的数据的整合(例如，INAA、ICP-MS、XRF)。这些努力将使考古成分分析研究中涉及的新的和成熟的分析程序受益。Ferguson和Glascock继续监督LA-ICPMS的开发和在考古材料中的应用，并促进用于考古测量研究的便携式XRF的开发。这项工作的更广泛影响包括与同事和学生合作产生的基本数据，这些数据将用于讨论与史前民族和社会的人类和社会动态有关的重要专题，如人的流动模式和迁徙、对冲突和压力的文化反应、社区社会组织、手工艺生产和专业化的发展以及社会边界和特性的建立和维护。

With National Science Foundation support the Archaeometry Laboratory the University of Missouri Research Reactor Center (MURR) will continue to serve as the most comprehensive US-based laboratory dedicated to chemical characterization studies of archaeological materials. The analytical techniques available include neutron activation analysis (NAA), inductively-coupled-plasma mass-spectrometry (ICP-MS) of solutions using high resolution, quadrupole, and multicollector instruments, laser ablation ICP-MS (LA-ICP-MS), and X-ray fluorescence (XRF). These techniques permit the quantification of major, minor and trace elements simultaneously and with a high degree of accuracy and precision in a wide range of archaeological materials. The MURR laboratory also plays an important role in training students in the analytical techniques for application to specific archaeological questions. Frequently, archaeology students are invited to spend time at MURR where they are taught a variety of methods for interpreting archaeological data and have direct access to the large compositional databases containing more than 130,000 previous analyses of pottery, obsidian, basalt, and chert. Online access to these databases is continuing to be developed and improved for integration with databases from other laboratories. Laboratory staff and students are also involved in efforts to rescue compositional databases from laboratories no longer in operation. The ceramic databases in many parts of the world have reached a sufficient size to allow regional syntheses that examine large-scale patterns of ceramic production, use and exchange.In addition to continued support of student and senior archaeology research projects, funding helps support the development of calibration standards and analytical procedures that facilitate the integration of data from multiple analytical techniques (e.g., INAA, ICP-MS, XRF). These efforts will benefit both new and mature analytical programs involved in archaeometric compositional analysis research. Ferguson and Glascock continue to oversee the development and application of LA-ICP-MS to archaeological materials and facilitate the development of portable-XRF for archaeometric research. The broader impacts of this work includes the elemental data generated in collaboration with colleagues and students that will be used to address important topics related to human and social dynamics of prehistoric peoples and societies, such as, mobility patterns and migrations of people, cultural responses to conflict and stress, community social organization, the development of craft production and specialization, and the creation and maintenance of social boundaries and identity.